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Remark 3.5 . [049S]

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Remark 3.5.

A more Floer theoretic argument that π’ž1+π’ž2\mathcal{C}_{1}+\mathcal{C}_{2} is homologous to π’ž3\mathcal{C}_{3}, which does not appeal to Hn+1​(X)=0H_{n+1}(X)=0 directly, can be sketched as follows. We assume L0,L0β€²,LL_{0},L_{0}^{\prime},L are three unobstructed Lagrangians mutually isomorphic in Db​F​u​k​(X)D^{b}Fuk(X), and H​Fβˆ’1​(L0,L0)=0HF^{-1}(L_{0},L_{0})=0. Of course, the self Floer cohomologies of L0,L0β€²,LL_{0},L_{0}^{\prime},L are all isomorphic, and H​Fβˆ’1=0HF^{-1}=0 is a necessary condition if the Db​F​u​k​(X)D^{b}Fuk(X) class admits any almost calibrated representative at all. We consider α∈C​F0​(L0,L0β€²),β∈C​F0​(L0β€²,L),γ∈C​F0​(L,L0)\alpha\in CF^{0}(L_{0},L_{0}^{\prime}),\beta\in CF^{0}(L_{0}^{\prime},L),\gamma\in CF^{0}(L,L_{0}) representing the generators of H​F0HF^{0}, such that at the level of Floer cohomology

γ∘β∘α=1L0,α∘γ∘β=1L0β€²,β∘α∘γ=1L.\gamma\circ\beta\circ\alpha=1_{L_{0}},\quad\alpha\circ\gamma\circ\beta=1_{L_{0}^{\prime}},\quad\beta\circ\alpha\circ\gamma=1_{L}.

For simplicity we first assume almost calibratedness, so that C​Fβˆ’1=0CF^{-1}=0, and there is no ambiguity for these generators. Notice the compositions β∘α,γ∘β,α∘γ\beta\circ\alpha,\gamma\circ\beta,\alpha\circ\gamma provide generators of H​F0​(L0,L)HF^{0}(L_{0},L), H​F0​(L0β€²,L0)HF^{0}(L_{0}^{\prime},L_{0}), H​F0​(L,L0β€²)HF^{0}(L,L_{0}^{\prime}). Consider the nn-dimensional moduli spaces β„³~\tilde{\mathcal{M}} of holomorphic discs with corners at Ξ±,Ξ²,Ξ³\alpha,\beta,\gamma and the self intersection points corresponding to the bounding cochains. The corresponding universal family π’ž~\tilde{\mathcal{C}} provides an (n+2)(n+2)-dimensional current, whose boundary comes from disc bubbling and disc breaking. Most of the boundary contributions are eliminated by the Mauer-Cartan equation of the bounding cochains, the closedness of Ξ±,Ξ²,Ξ³\alpha,\beta,\gamma, and support dimension reasons, and only three boundary contributions survive. These are the (n+1)(n+1)-dimensional bordism currents between L0,L0β€²L_{0},L_{0}^{\prime} (resp. L0β€²,LL_{0}^{\prime},L and L,L0L,L_{0}) constructed from the universal family of holomorphic curves associated to the generators Ξ±,βˆ’Ξ³βˆ˜Ξ²\alpha,-\gamma\circ\beta (resp. Ξ²,βˆ’Ξ±βˆ˜Ξ³\beta,-\alpha\circ\gamma and Ξ³,β∘α\gamma,\beta\circ\alpha). We can identify these as π’ž2,π’ž1,βˆ’π’ž3\mathcal{C}_{2},\mathcal{C}_{1},-\mathcal{C}_{3}. The upshot is that Floer theory explicitly provides the (n+2)(n+2)-dimensional current that exhibits the homological relation between π’ž1+π’ž2\mathcal{C}_{1}+\mathcal{C}_{2} and π’ž3\mathcal{C}_{3}.

In general without assuming almost calibratedness, then C​Fβˆ’1CF^{-1} can be nonzero. Then we need some extra nn-dimensional moduli spaces to account for the non-uniqueness of cohomological representatives of H​F0HF^{0}, an issue quite similar to section 3.1.2. A subtle new issue is that the moduli space β„³~\tilde{\mathcal{M}} receives new boundary contributions involving the m3bm_{3}^{b} products (this shorthand notation indicates the presence of bounding cochain elements, cf. (73)) of Ξ±,Ξ²,Ξ³\alpha,\beta,\gamma. The three cyclic permutations of Ξ±,Ξ²,Ξ³\alpha,\beta,\gamma produce three m3bm_{3}^{b} products, which are elements in C​Fβˆ’1​(L0,L0),C​Fβˆ’1​(L0β€²,L0β€²)CF^{-1}(L_{0},L_{0}),CF^{-1}(L_{0}^{\prime},L_{0}^{\prime}) and C​Fβˆ’1​(L,L)CF^{-1}(L,L) respectively, and the (nβˆ’1)(n-1)-dimensional moduli of polygons with one corner at the C​Fβˆ’1CF^{-1} intersections and the other corners at bounding cochain elements contribute to βˆ‚π’ž~\partial\tilde{\mathcal{C}}. Now by the A∞A_{\infty} relation, and the closedness of Ξ±,Ξ²,Ξ³\alpha,\beta,\gamma,

m1b​(m3b​(Ξ³,Ξ²,Ξ±))+m2b​(Ξ³,m2b​(Ξ²,Ξ±))βˆ’m2b​(m2b​(Ξ³,Ξ²),Ξ±)=0.m_{1}^{b}(m_{3}^{b}(\gamma,\beta,\alpha))+m_{2}^{b}(\gamma,m_{2}^{b}(\beta,\alpha))-m_{2}^{b}(m_{2}^{b}(\gamma,\beta),\alpha)=0.

Writing m2b​(Ξ³,m2b​(Ξ²,Ξ±))=1L0+m1b​(Ξ΄1)m_{2}^{b}(\gamma,m_{2}^{b}(\beta,\alpha))=1_{L_{0}}+m_{1}^{b}(\delta_{1}) and m2b​(m2b​(Ξ³,Ξ²),Ξ±)=1L0+m1b​(Ξ΄2)m_{2}^{b}(m_{2}^{b}(\gamma,\beta),\alpha)=1_{L_{0}}+m_{1}^{b}(\delta_{2}), we see m3b​(Ξ³,Ξ²,Ξ±)+Ξ΄1βˆ’Ξ΄2m_{3}^{b}(\gamma,\beta,\alpha)+\delta_{1}-\delta_{2} is m1bm_{1}^{b}-closed, so by the assumption that H​Fβˆ’1​(L0,L0)=0HF^{-1}(L_{0},L_{0})=0, it is in fact βˆ’m1b​(Ο΅1)-m_{1}^{b}(\epsilon_{1}) for some Ο΅1∈C​Fβˆ’2​(L0,L0)\epsilon_{1}\in CF^{-2}(L_{0},L_{0}). We can then produce an nn-dimensional moduli space, from polygons with a corner at Ο΅1\epsilon_{1}, and other corners at the bounding cochain elements. Completely analogously, one can produce two other nn-dimensional moduli spaces from Ο΅2∈C​Fβˆ’2​(L0β€²,L0β€²)\epsilon_{2}\in CF^{-2}(L_{0}^{\prime},L_{0}^{\prime}) and Ο΅3∈C​Fβˆ’2​(L,L)\epsilon_{3}\in CF^{-2}(L,L). Combining the (n+2)(n+2)-dimensional universal families over the nn-dimensional moduli spaces, results in an explicit bordism current between π’ž1+π’ž2\mathcal{C}_{1}+\mathcal{C}_{2} and π’ž3\mathcal{C}_{3}.

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