ScalingStacks

Proof. [03X2]

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Proof. We need to check that the ratio

(∇v(z,P)g)​(nP,nP)g⁡(nP,v(z,P)){(\nabla_{v_{(z,P)}}\,g)(n_{P},n_{P})}\over{g(n_{P},v_{(z,P)})}

is bounded for (z,P)∈ℳ(z,P)\in{\cal M}.

It suffices to prove the Lemma assuming that U1U_{1} is the parabolic domain {(x,y)∈𝐑2|y>x2}\{(x,y)\in{{\bf R}}^{2}|y>x^{2}\} and PP is the upper half-plane. The vector field v(z,P)v_{(z,P)} is given for z=(x,y)z=(x,y) by the formulas

v(z,P)=∂/∂y+x4​x2−2​y∂/∂x.v_{(z,P)}=\partial/\partial y+{x\over{4x^{2}-2y}}\,\partial/\partial x\,\,.

The denominator is equal to g⁡(nP,v(z,P))=⟨d​y,v(z,P)⟩⋅g⁡(∂/∂y,∂/∂y)=g⁡(∂/∂y,∂/∂y)=exp⁡(O⁡(1))g(n_{P},v_{(z,P)})=\langle dy,v_{(z,P)}\rangle\cdot\sqrt{g(\partial/\partial y,\partial/\partial y)}=\sqrt{g(\partial/\partial y,\partial/\partial y)}=\exp(O(1)) near (0,0)(0,0).

The numerator is equal to

x4​x2−2​y​f1​(x,y)+f2​(x,y),{x\over{4x^{2}-2y}}f_{1}(x,y)+f_{2}(x,y)\,\,,

where f1​(x,y)=(∇∂/∂xg)​(nP,nP)f_{1}(x,y)=(\nabla_{\partial/\partial x}\,g)(n_{P},n_{P}) and f2​(x,y)=(∇∂/∂yg)​(nP,nP)f_{2}(x,y)=(\nabla_{\partial/\partial y}\,g)(n_{P},n_{P}) are two C∞C^{\infty}-functions.

By assumption of the Lemma we have f1​(0,0)=0f_{1}(0,0)=0. Therefore |f1​(x,y)|≤c​o​n​s​t​max⁡{|x|,|w|}|f_{1}(x,y)|\leq const\,\max\{|x|,|w|\} where w=x2−yw=x^{2}-y is a convenient local coordinate near the point (0,0)(0,0). Notice also that f2​(x,y)=O​(1)f_{2}(x,y)=O(1).

Now we can estimate first summand of the numerator assuming that |x||x| and |w||w| are sufficiently small. As we have seen, it is bounded by

I:=xx2+w​O​(max⁡{|x|,|w|}CLOSE.I:={x\over{x^{2}+w}}O(\max\{|x|,|w|\}\,\,.

There are three cases which we need to consider.

a) If 0<w<x20<w<x^{2} then I=xx2​O​(|x|)=O⁡(1)I={x\over{x^{2}}}O(|x|)=O(1).

b) if x2≤w<xx^{2}\leq w<x then I=xw​O​(|x|)=O⁡(1)I={x\over w}O(|x|)=O(1).

c) If x≤w≤1x\leq w\leq 1 the I=xw​O​(|w|)=O⁡(1)I={x\over w}O(|w|)=O(1).

We see that the numerator is bounded. This concludes the proof of Lemma. ■\blacksquare

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