4.2.5 K3 surfaces [03U8]
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4.2.5 K3 surfaces
Here we will describe a particular case of the construction from Section 4.2.3 (a contraction of a Clemens polytope).
Let field be and be a formal family of complex K3 surfaces given by the equation
where is a generic homogeneous polynomial of degree four, and is a formal parameter.
The special fiber at of this family is singular, it is given by the equation . Let us denote by the blow-up of the total space of the trivial -bundle over at points of the special fiber, where each is a solution of the equation
The closure of in is a model with simple normal crossings. The associated Clemens polytope has vertices. Four of them correspond to coordinate hyperplanes in , and other correspond to divisors sitting at the pre-images of the points . Therefore is the union of the boundary of the standard -simplex with copies of the standard -simplex . Those triangles are decomposed into six groups of four triangles in each. All triangles from the same group have a common edge, which is identified with an edge of (tetrahedron with βwingsβ). As we mentioned in the previous example, there is a continuous map . We are going to construct as a retraction of .
In order to do this we observe that for an edge and a point one has the canonical retraction . Namely, let us identify the edge with the interval of the real line, so that is identified with the point , and is bounded by and the segments . Then we define by the formulas (see Figure 2)

Now we choose a point in the interior of each edge of (here are identified with the vertices of ). There are four βwingsβ having as a common edge. Then we retract each to by the map . This gives us a retraction . Let be the composition of the projection with the above retraction. One can show that all points of are -smooth except of the chosen six points . According to Theorem 1 we obtain a -affine structure on . One can show that the local monodromy around each point is conjugate to the matrix
We skip the computations here.