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Proof.
Let us write in local coordinates
.
Define residue as the constant term
in the Laurent expansion
.
It is easy to see that does not depend (up to a sign) on the choice of local coordinates.
For non-vanishing everywhere satisfying Constant Norm Assumption we have
.
Therefore we have .
Let us return to the proof of the Theorem.
Let be the sheaf
of abelian groups
consisting of
such that .
Then we have an exact sequence of sheaves
where denotes the constant sheaf with the fiber being the
ring of integers of .
Indeed we embed into
as constant functions.
The projection
assigns to the function the linear part of the corresponding
-affine function .
Notice that if is a connected domain
then any can be written (non-canonically) as
, where and in .
We define an epimorphism of sheaves
by formula
Here and are understood as infinite
convergent series (in order to make sense of them we use
Zero Characteristic Assumption).
It is easy to see that is well-defined.
Then the exact sequence of sheaves
defines a -affine structure on compatible
with .
This concludes proof of the Theorem.