6.8 Further examples [03VJ]
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6.8 Further examples
There are many families of Calabi-Yau varieties with huge groups of birational automorphisms. The following example we learned from D.Panov and D.Zvonkine. For any real numbers we can consider the space of planar -gons with the length of edges equal to , modulo the group of orientation-preserving motions. This space can be identified with the space of solutions of the following system of equations
where is a point satisfying the reality condition . Hence we obtain a singular subvariety of of codimension , depending on parameters . One can check that this variety is birationally isomorphic to a non-singular Calabi-Yau variety. For any proper set , we have a birational involution defined by the formula
where .
We do not know at the moment the structure of the group generated by involutions . One can obtain easily explicit formulas for the action of by piecewise-linear homemorphisms of . Length parameters should be replaced by elements of a non-archimedean field with “generic” norms . Denote by real variables which have the meaning of valuations of variables . Sphere is obtained in the following way. In we consider the intersection of two subsets:
and
and then take the quotient by the action of :
corresponding to the projectivization. For appropriately chosen we obtain a set which is the union of with several “wings” going to infinity. The action of the involution is obtained from algebraic formulas from above, in which one replace non-archimedean variables by real ones, addition by minimum and multiplication (division) by addition (subtraction).