4.3 A ∞ -pre-categories [03R7]
Original official author HTML, exact retained edition. Historical TeX conversion verdicts remain unchanged. Cited-edition alignment and mathematical self-containment are not assessed.
Complete original source context · Original author HTML
4.3 -pre-categories
We start with the notion of non-unital -pre-category. It allows us to work with ‘‘transversal’’ sequences of objects. 33 3 The notion of “transversality” is purely formal in this section. The choice of the name will become clear after concrete applications in the geometric context, see next sections. Then we will introduce the notion of -pre-category. It provides us with a replacement of the identity morphisms. Roughly speaking, we will have the identity morphism up to homotopy.
Definition 7
Let be a -graded commutative associative ring as before. A non-unital -pre-category over is defined by the following data:
a) A class of objects .
b) For any a subclass of , , called the class of transversal sequences.
c) For a -graded -module of morphisms .
d) For a transversal sequence of objects , , a morphism of -modules (composition map) .
It is required that a subsequence of a transversal sequence is transversal, and that the composition maps satisfy the same system of equations as for non-unital -categories. Explicitly:
,
where , and .
Definition 8
A functor between non-unital -pre-categories is given by the following data:
1) A map of classes of objects , such that .
2) For any transversal sequence of objects in , a morphism of graded -modules
These data satisfy the following property: the sequence defines an -morphism .
The reader have noticed that we use the summation only over the increasing pairs of indices . It differs from the case of non-unital -pre-categories. The reason is that we do not require the transversality to be a symmetric relation on objects. It is possible that exists, but does not. In the case when all are defined, two discussed definitions agree. In particular, a non-unital -category is the same as a non-unital -pre-category such that for any .
Definition 9
Let be a non-unital -pre-category, . We say that (zero stands for degree) is a quasi-isomorphism if , and for any objects and such that and one has: and are quasi-isomorphisms of complexes.
Definition 10
An -pre-category is a non-unital -pre-category , satisfying the following extension property:
For any finite collection of transversal sequences in and an object there exist objects and and quasi-isomorphisms , such that extended sequences are transversal.
Remark 10
Let be an -pre-category. Then partially defined on ) composition extends uniquely, so that it defines a structure of a category on .
Definition 11
Let and be -pre-categories over . An -functor is a functor between the corresponding non-unital -pre-categories such that takes quasi-isomorphisms in to quasi-isomorphisms in .
There is an important notion of equivalence of -pre-categories (and -categories). We are planning to provide all the details elsewhere (see [KoS]). For the purposes of present paper we will be using the following definition (which is in fact a theorem in the more general framework).
Definition 12
An -functor between -pre-categories is called an -equivalence functor if:
a) Every object is quasi-isomorphic to an object .
b) The functor induces quasi-isomorphisms of non-unital -algebras of morphisms, corresponding to all transversal sequences of objects.
Definition 13
Two -pre-categories and are called equivalent if there exists a finite sequence of -pre-categories such that for every there exists an -equivalence functor from to or vice versa.
We suggest the language of -pre-categories in order to replace more conventional -categories with strict identity morphisms.
Definition 14
An -category with strict identity morphisms is a non-unital -category , such that for any object there exists an element (identity morphism) such that and for any morphisms .
An -category with strict identity morphisms is an -pre-category, because (in the previous notation) we can extend a transversal sequence to , and set , . Another remark is that if has only one object, it is an -algebra with the strict unit. One can try to develop the deformation theory of such algebras along the lines of [KoS1]. The problem is that the corresponding operad is not free, and the standard theory becomes complicated. We hope that the framework of -pre-categories is appropriate for the purposes of deformation theory of -categories. The following conjecture gives another evidence in favor of such a generalization of -categories.
Conjecture 4
Let us define the notion of equivalent -categories with strict identity morphisms) similarly to the case of -pre-categories (see above). Then the equivalence classes of -pre-categories are in one-to-one correspondence with the equivalence classes of -categories with strict identity morphisms.