ScalingStacks

5.2. Toric metrics [02T2]

Original official author HTML, exact retained edition. Historical TeX conversion verdicts remain unchanged. Cited-edition alignment and mathematical self-containment are not assessed.

Complete original source context · Original author HTML

5.2. Toric metrics

From now on we assume that Σ\Sigma is complete. Let LL be a toric line bundle on XΣX_{\Sigma} and let ss be a toric section of LL (Definition 4.19). By Theorem 4.22 and Theorem 4.18, we can find a virtual support function Ψ\Psi on Σ\Sigma such that there is an isomorphism L≃𝒪⁡(DΨ)L\simeq\mathcal{O}(D_{\Psi}) that sends ss to sΨs_{\Psi}. The algebraic line bundle LL defines an analytic line bundle LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} on XΣanX_{\Sigma}^{{\text{\rm an}}}. Let L¯=(L,∥⋅∥){\overline{L}}=(L,\|\cdot\|), where ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| is a metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}}.

Every toric object has a certain invariance property with respect to the action of 𝕋\mathbb{T}. This is also the case for metrics. Since 𝕋an\mathbb{T}^{{\text{\rm an}}} is non compact, we can not ask for a metric to be 𝕋an\mathbb{T}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant, but we can impose 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariance. We need a preliminary result.

Proposition 5.11.

Let LL be a toric line bundle on XΣX_{\Sigma} and let ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| be a metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}}. If there is a toric section s0s_{0} such that the function p↦‖s0​(p)‖p\mapsto\|s_{0}(p)\| is 𝕊an\,\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant, then, for every toric section ss, the function p↦‖s⁡(p)‖p\mapsto\|s(p)\| is 𝕊an\,\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant.

Proof.

If ss and s′s^{\prime} are two toric sections, then there is an element m∈Mm\in M such that s′=χm​ss^{\prime}=\chi^{m}s. Since for any element t∈𝕊ant\in\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}} we have |χm​(t)|=1|\chi^{m}(t)|=1, if the function ‖s⁡(p)‖\|s(p)\| is 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant, then the function ‖s′​(p)‖=‖χm​(p)​s​(p)‖\|s^{\prime}(p)\|=\|\chi^{m}(p)s(p)\| is also 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant. ∎

Definition 5.12.

Let LL be a toric line bundle on XΣX_{\Sigma}. A metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} is called toric if, for any toric section ss of LL over X0X_{0}, the function p⟼‖s⁡(p)‖p\longmapsto\|s(p)\| is 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant.

To the metrized line bundle L¯{\overline{L}} and the section ss we associate the function gL¯,s:X0an→ℝg_{{\overline{L}},s}\colon X_{0}^{{\text{\rm an}}}\to\mathbb{R} given by gL¯,s​(p)=log⁡(‖s⁡(p)‖)/λKg_{{\overline{L}},s}(p)=\log(\|s(p)\|)/\lambda_{K}. In the Archimedean case, the function gL¯,sg_{{\overline{L}},s} is −1/2-1/2 times the usual Green function associated to the metrized line bundle L¯{\overline{L}} and the section ss. The metric ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| is toric if and only if the function gL¯,sg_{{\overline{L}},s} is 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant. In this case we can form the commutative diagram

(5.13) X0an\textstyle{X_{0}^{{\text{\rm an}}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}gL¯,s\scriptstyle{g_{{\overline{L}},s}}valK\scriptstyle{{\operatorname{val}}_{K}}ℝ\textstyle{\mathbb{R}}Nℝ\textstyle{N_{\mathbb{R}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}

The dashed arrow exists as a continuous function because ρ0\rho_{0}, hence valK{\operatorname{val}}_{K}, is a proper surjective map and, by 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariance, gL¯,sg_{{\overline{L}},s} is constant along the fibres. This justifies the following definition.

Definition 5.14.

Let LL be a toric line bundle, ss a toric section of LL and let ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| be a toric metric. Denote L¯=(L,∥⋅∥){\overline{L}}=(L,\|\cdot\|). We define the function ψL¯,s:Nℝ→ℝ\psi_{{\overline{L}},s}\colon N_{\mathbb{R}}\to\mathbb{R} by

(5.15) ψL¯,s​(u)=log⁡‖s⁡(p)‖λK\psi_{{\overline{L}},s}(u)=\frac{\log\|s(p)\|}{\lambda_{K}}

for any p∈X0anp\in X_{0}^{{\text{\rm an}}} with valK⁡(p)=u{\operatorname{val}}_{K}(p)=u. When the line bundle and the section are clear from the context, we will alternatively denote this function as ψ∥⋅∥\psi_{\|\cdot\|}.

Proposition 5.16.

Let Ψ\Psi be a virtual support function on Σ\Sigma, L=𝒪⁡(DΨ)L=\mathcal{O}(D_{\Psi}) and s=sΨs=s_{\Psi}. Then the correspondence ∥⋅∥↦ψ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\|\mapsto\psi_{\|\cdot\|} determines a bijection between the set of toric metrics on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} and the set of continuous functions ψ\psi on NℝN_{\mathbb{R}} with the property that ψ−Ψ\psi-\Psi can be extended to a continuous function on NΣN_{\Sigma}. The metric associated to a function ψ\psi will be denoted ∥⋅∥ψ\|\cdot\|_{\psi}.

Proof.

Let ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| be a toric metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}}. Since ss is a regular nowhere vanishing section on X0anX_{0}^{{\text{\rm an}}}, ψ∥⋅∥\psi_{\|\cdot\|} is a well defined continuous function on NℝN_{\mathbb{R}}. Let {mσ}\{m_{\sigma}\} be a set of defining vectors of Ψ\Psi. For each cone σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma, the section χmσ​s\chi^{m_{\sigma}}s is a regular nowhere vanishing section on XσanX_{\sigma}^{{\text{\rm an}}}. Therefore log⁡(‖(χmσ​s)​(p)‖)\log(\|(\chi^{m_{\sigma}}s)(p)\|) is a continuous function on XσanX_{\sigma}^{{\text{\rm an}}} that is 𝕊an\mathbb{S}^{{\text{\rm an}}}-invariant. So it defines a continuous function on Xσ​(ℝ≥0)X_{\sigma}(\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}). By equation (5.4),

ψ∥⋅∥(val(p))−mσ(val(p))\displaystyle\psi_{\|\cdot\|}({\operatorname{val}}(p))-m_{\sigma}({\operatorname{val}}(p)) =1λK​(log⁡(‖s⁡(p)‖)−log⁡(|χ−mσ​(p)|))\displaystyle=\frac{1}{\lambda_{K}}\left(\log(\|s(p)\|)-\log(|\chi^{-m_{\sigma}}(p)|)\right)
=1λK​log⁡(‖(χmσ​s)​(p)‖).\displaystyle=\frac{1}{\lambda_{K}}\log(\|(\chi^{m_{\sigma}}s)(p)\|).

Therefore ψ∥⋅∥−mσ\psi_{\|\cdot\|}-m_{\sigma} extends to a continuous function on Nσ≃Xσ​(ℝ≥0)N_{\sigma}\simeq X_{\sigma}(\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}). If we see that Ψ−mσ\Psi-m_{\sigma} extends also to a continuous function on NσN_{\sigma} we will be able to extend ψ∥⋅∥−Ψ\psi_{\|\cdot\|}-\Psi to a continuous function on NσN_{\sigma} for every σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma and therefore to NΣN_{\Sigma}.

Let τ\tau be a face of σ\sigma and let u∈N​(τ)ℝu\in N(\tau)_{\mathbb{R}}. Let W⁡(τ,U,p)W(\tau,U,p) be a neighbourhood of uu as in (5.6). By taking UU small enough and pp big enough we can assume that W⁡(τ,U,p)∩NℝW(\tau,U,p)\cap N_{\mathbb{R}} is contained in the set of cones that have τ\tau as a face. Since Ψ\Psi and mσm_{\sigma} agree when restricted to σ\sigma (hence when restricted to τ\tau) it follows that, if w+t∈W⁡(τ,U,p)∩Nℝw+t\in W(\tau,U,p)\cap N_{\mathbb{R}} with w∈Uw\in U and t∈p+τt\in p+\tau, then (Ψ−mσ)​(w+t)(\Psi-m_{\sigma})(w+t) only depends on ww and not on tt. Hence it can be extended to a continuous function on the whole W⁡(τ,U,p)W(\tau,U,p). By moving τ\tau, uu, UU and pp we see that it can be extended to a continuous function on NσN_{\sigma}.

Let now ψ\psi be a function on NℝN_{\mathbb{R}} such that ψ−Ψ\psi-\Psi extends to a continuous function on NΣN_{\Sigma}. We define a toric metric ∥⋅∥ψ\|\cdot\|_{\psi} on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} over the set X0anX_{0}^{{\text{\rm an}}} by the formula

‖s⁡(p)‖ψ=exp⁡(λK​ψ​(valK⁡(p))).\|s(p)\|_{\psi}=\exp(\lambda_{K}\psi({\operatorname{val}}_{K}(p))).

Then, by the argument before, ψ−mσ\psi-m_{\sigma} extends to a continuous function on NσN_{\sigma}, which proves that ∥⋅∥ψ\|\cdot\|_{\psi} extends to a metric over XσanX_{\sigma}^{{\text{\rm an}}}. Varying σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma we obtain that ∥⋅∥ψ\|\cdot\|_{\psi} extends to a metric over XΣanX_{\Sigma}^{{\text{\rm an}}}. ∎

Corollary 5.17.

For any toric metric ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\|, the function |ψ∥⋅∥−Ψ||\psi_{\|\cdot\|}-\Psi| is bounded.

Proof.

Since we are assuming that Σ\Sigma is complete, the space NΣ≃XΣ​(ℝ≥0)N_{\Sigma}\simeq X_{\Sigma}(\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}) is compact. Thus the corollary follows from Proposition 5.16. ∎

Example 5.18.

With the notation in Example 3.65, consider the standard simplex Δn\Delta^{n} with fan Σ=ΣΔn\Sigma=\Sigma_{\Delta^{n}} and support function Ψ=ΨΔn\Psi=\Psi_{\Delta^{n}}. The corresponding toric variety is XΣ=ℙnX_{\Sigma}=\mathbb{P}^{n} with toric line bundle LΨ=𝒪⁡(1)L_{\Psi}=\mathcal{O}(1) and toric section sΨ=s∞s_{\Psi}=s_{\infty}.

  1. (1)

    The canonical metrics ∥⋅∥can\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{can}}} in examples 2.25 and 2.32 are toric and both correspond to the function ψ∥⋅∥can=Ψ\psi_{\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{can}}}}=\Psi.

  2. (2)

    The Fubini-Study metric ∥⋅∥FS\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{FS}}} in Example 2.2 is also toric and corresponds to the differentiable function ψ∥⋅∥FS=fFS\psi_{\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{FS}}}}=f_{{\operatorname{FS}}} introduced in Example 3.53.

Proposition 5.19.

The correspondence (L¯,s)↦ψL¯,s({\overline{L}},s)\mapsto\psi_{{\overline{L}},s} satisfies the following properties.

  1. (1)

    Let L¯i=(Li,∥⋅∥i){\overline{L}}_{i}=(L_{i},\|\cdot\|_{i}), i=1,2i=1,2, be toric line bundles equipped with toric metrics and let sis_{i} be a toric section of LiL_{i}. Then

    ψL¯1⊗L¯2,s1⊗s2=ψL¯1,s1+ψL¯2,s2.\psi_{{\overline{L}}_{1}\otimes{\overline{L}}_{2},s_{1}\otimes s_{2}}=\psi_{{\overline{L}}_{1},s_{1}}+\psi_{{\overline{L}}_{2},s_{2}}.
  2. (2)

    Let L¯=(L,∥⋅∥){\overline{L}}=(L,\|\cdot\|) be a toric line bundle equipped with a toric metric and let ss be a toric section of LL. Then

    ψL¯−1,s−1=−ψL¯,s.\psi_{{\overline{L}}^{-1},s^{-1}}=-\psi_{{\overline{L}},s}.
Proof.

This follows easily from the definitions. ∎

A consequence of Proposition 5.16 is that every toric line bundle has a distinguished metric.

Proposition-Definition 5.20.

Let Σ\Sigma be a complete fan, XΣX_{\Sigma} the corresponding toric variety, and LL a toric line bundle on XΣX_{\Sigma}. Let ss be a toric section of LL and Ψ\Psi the virtual support function on Σ\Sigma associated to (L,s)(L,s) by theorems 4.22 and 4.18. The metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} associated to the function Ψ\Psi by Proposition 5.16 only depends on the structure of toric line bundle of LL. This metric is called the canonical metric of LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} and is denoted ∥⋅∥can\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{can}}}. We write L¯can=(L,∥⋅∥can){\overline{L}}^{{\operatorname{can}}}=(L,\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{can}}}).

Proof.

Let s′s^{\prime} be another toric section of LL. Then there is an element m∈Mm\in M such that s′=χm​ss^{\prime}=\chi^{m}s. The corresponding virtual support function is Ψ′=Ψ−m\Psi^{\prime}=\Psi-m. Denote by ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| and ∥⋅∥′\|\cdot\|^{\prime} the metrics associated to s,Ψs,\Psi and to s′,Ψ′s^{\prime},\Psi^{\prime} respectively. Then

‖s⁡(p)‖′=‖χ−m​s′​(p)‖′=eλK​(m+Ψ′)​(val⁡(p))=eλK​Ψ​(val⁡(p))=‖s⁡(p)‖.\|s(p)\|^{\prime}=\|\chi^{-m}s^{\prime}(p)\|^{\prime}=\operatorname{e}^{\lambda_{K}(m+\Psi^{\prime})({\operatorname{val}}(p))}=\operatorname{e}^{\lambda_{K}\Psi({\operatorname{val}}(p))}=\|s(p)\|.

Thus both metrics agree. ∎

The canonical metrics ∥⋅∥can\|\cdot\|_{{\operatorname{can}}} in examples 2.25 and 2.32 are particular cases of the canonical metric of Proposition-Definition 5.20.

Proposition 5.21.

The canonical metric is compatible with the tensor product of line bundles.

  1. (1)

    Let LiL_{i}, i=1,2i=1,2, be toric line bundles. Then L1⊗L2¯can=L1¯can⊗L2¯can{\overline{L_{1}\otimes L_{2}}}^{{\operatorname{can}}}={\overline{L_{1}}}^{{\operatorname{can}}}\otimes{\overline{L_{2}}}^{{\operatorname{can}}}.

  2. (2)

    Let LL be a toric line bundle. Then L−1¯can=(L¯can)−1{\overline{L^{-1}}}^{{\operatorname{can}}}=({\overline{L}}^{{\operatorname{can}}})^{-1}.

Proof.

This follows easily from the definitions. ∎

Next we describe the behaviour of the correspondence of Proposition 5.16 with respect to equivariant morphisms. We start with the case of orbits. Let Σ\Sigma be a complete fan in NN and Ψ\Psi a virtual support function on Σ\Sigma. Let LL and ss be the associated toric line bundle and toric section, and {mσ}σ∈Σ\{m_{\sigma}\}_{\sigma\in\Sigma} a set of defining vectors of Ψ\Psi. Let σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma and let V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) be the corresponding closed subvariety. As in Proposition 4.34, the restriction of LL to V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) is a toric line bundle. Since V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) and div⁡(s)\operatorname{div}(s) may not intersect properly we can not restrict ss directly to V⁡(σ)V(\sigma). By contrast, DΨ−mσ=div⁡(χmσ​s)D_{\Psi-m_{\sigma}}=\operatorname{div}(\chi^{m_{\sigma}}s) intersects properly V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) and we can restrict the section χmσ​s\chi^{m_{\sigma}}s to V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) to obtain a toric section of 𝒪⁡(D(Ψ−mσ)​(σ))≃L∣V⁡(σ)\mathcal{O}(D_{(\Psi-m_{\sigma})(\sigma)})\simeq L\mid_{V(\sigma)}. Denote ι:V⁡(σ)→XΣ\iota\colon V(\sigma)\to X_{\Sigma} the closed immersion. For short, we write s′=χmσ​ss^{\prime}=\chi^{m_{\sigma}}s. Then ι∗​s′\iota^{\ast}s^{\prime} is a nowhere vanishing section on O⁡(σ)O(\sigma). Recall that V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) has a structure of toric variety given by the fan Σ⁡(σ)\Sigma(\sigma) on N⁡(σ)N(\sigma) (Proposition 4.6). The principal open subset of V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) is the orbit O⁡(σ)O(\sigma).

Let ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| be a toric metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} and write L¯=(L,∥⋅∥){\overline{L}}=(L,\|\cdot\|). By the proof of Proposition 5.16, the function ψL¯,s−mσ=ψL¯,s′\psi_{{\overline{L}},s}-m_{\sigma}=\psi_{{\overline{L}},s^{\prime}} can be extended to a continuous function on NσN_{\sigma} that we denote ψ¯L¯,s′{\overline{\psi}}_{{\overline{L}},s^{\prime}}.

Proposition 5.22.

The function ψι∗​L¯,ι∗​s′:N​(σ)ℝ→ℝ\psi_{\iota^{\ast}{\overline{L}},\iota^{\ast}s^{\prime}}\colon N(\sigma)_{\mathbb{R}}\to\mathbb{R} agrees with the restriction of ψ¯L¯,s′{\overline{\psi}}_{{\overline{L}},s^{\prime}} to N​(σ)ℝ⊂NσN(\sigma)_{\mathbb{R}}\subset N_{\sigma}.

Proof.

The section s′s^{\prime} is a nowhere vanishing section over XΣ,σX_{\Sigma,\sigma}. Therefore, the function gL¯,s′:XΣ,σan→ℝg_{{\overline{L}},s^{\prime}}\colon X^{{\text{\rm an}}}_{\Sigma,\sigma}\to\mathbb{R} of diagram (5.13) can be extended to a continuous function on XΣ,σX_{\Sigma,\sigma} that we also denote gL¯,s′g_{{\overline{L}},s^{\prime}}. By the definition of the inverse image of a metric, there is a commutative diagram

O​(σ)an\textstyle{O(\sigma)^{{\text{\rm an}}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}ι\scriptstyle{\iota}gι∗​L¯,ι∗​s′\scriptstyle{g_{\iota^{\ast}{\overline{L}},\iota^{\ast}s^{\prime}}}XΣ,σan\textstyle{X^{{\text{\rm an}}}_{\Sigma,\sigma}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}gL¯,s′\scriptstyle{g_{{\overline{L}},s^{\prime}}}ℝ\textstyle{\mathbb{R}}

Then the result is a consequence of the definition of ψι∗​L¯,ι∗​s′\psi_{\iota^{\ast}{\overline{L}},\iota^{\ast}s^{\prime}} and of the commutativity of the diagram

O​(σ)an\textstyle{O(\sigma)^{{\text{\rm an}}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}XΣ,σan\textstyle{X_{\Sigma,\sigma}^{{\text{\rm an}}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}N​(σ)ℝ\textstyle{N(\sigma)_{\mathbb{R}}\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces\ignorespaces}Nσ,\textstyle{N_{\sigma},}

that follows from Proposition 5.9. ∎

Corollary 5.23.

Let L¯{\overline{L}} be a toric line bundle on XΣX_{\Sigma} equipped with the canonical metric, let σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma and ι:V⁡(σ)→XΣ\iota\colon V(\sigma)\to X_{\Sigma} the closed immersion. Then the restriction ι∗​L¯\iota^{\ast}{\overline{L}} is a toric line bundle equipped with the canonical metric.

Proof.

Choose a toric section ss of LL whose divisor meets V⁡(σ)V(\sigma) properly. Let Ψ\Psi be the corresponding virtual support function. The condition of proper intersection is equivalent to Ψ|σ=0\Psi|_{\sigma}=0. Then Ψ\Psi extends to a continuous function Ψ¯{\overline{\Psi}} on NσN_{\sigma} and the restriction of Ψ¯→N⁡(σ){\overline{\Psi}}\to N(\sigma) is equal to Ψ⁡(σ)\Psi(\sigma). Hence the result follows from Proposition 5.22. ∎

We end with the case of an equivariant morphism whose image intersect the principal open subset. Let NiN_{i}, Σi\Sigma_{i}, i=1,2i=1,2, HH, pp and AA be as in Proposition 5.10. Let Ψ2\Psi_{2} be a virtual support function on Σ2\Sigma_{2} and let Ψ1=Ψ2∘H\Psi_{1}=\Psi_{2}\circ H. This is a virtual support function on Σ1\Sigma_{1}. Let (Li,si)(L_{i},s_{i}) be the corresponding toric line bundles and sections. By Proposition 4.35 and Theorem 4.22, there is an isomorphism φp.H∗​L2≃L1\varphi_{p.H}^{\ast}L_{2}\simeq L_{1} that sends φp.H∗​s2\varphi_{p.H}^{\ast}s_{2} to s1s_{1}. We use this isomorphism to identify them. Let ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| be a toric metric on L2anL_{2}^{{\text{\rm an}}} and write L¯2=(L2,∥⋅∥){\overline{L}}_{2}=(L_{2},\|\cdot\|), L¯1=(L1,φp.H∗∥⋅∥){\overline{L}}_{1}=(L_{1},\varphi_{p.H}^{\ast}\|\cdot\|). The following result follows from Proposition 5.10 and is left to the reader.

Proposition 5.24.

The equality ψL¯1,s1=ψL¯2,s2∘A\psi_{{\overline{L}}_{1},s_{1}}=\psi_{{\overline{L}}_{2},s_{2}}\circ A holds.

In the case of toric morphism, the canonical metric is stable by inverse image. The following result follows easily from the definitions.

Corollary 5.25.

Assume furthermore that p=x0p=x_{0} and so the equivariant morphism φp,H=φH:XΣ1→XΣ2\varphi_{p,H}=\varphi_{H}\colon X_{\Sigma_{1}}\to X_{\Sigma_{2}} is a toric morphism. If L¯{\overline{L}} is a toric line bundle on XΣ2X_{\Sigma_{2}} equipped with the canonical metric, then φH∗​L¯\varphi_{H}^{\ast}{\overline{L}} is a toric line bundle equipped with the canonical metric.

The inverse image of the canonical metric by an equivariant map does not need to be the canonical metric. In fact, the analogue of Example 4.109 in terms of metrics shows that many different metrics can be obtained as the inverse image of the canonical metric on the projective space.

Example 5.26.

Let Σ\Sigma be a complete fan in NℝN_{\mathbb{R}} and XΣX_{\Sigma} the corresponding toric variety. Recall the description of the projective space ℙr\mathbb{P}^{r} as a toric variety given in Example 4.3. Let H:N→ℤrH\colon N\to\mathbb{Z}^{r} be a linear map such that, for each σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma there exist τ∈ΣΔr\tau\in\Sigma_{\Delta^{r}} with H⁡(σ)⊂τH(\sigma)\subset\tau. Let p∈ℙ0r​(K)p\in\mathbb{P}^{r}_{0}(K). Then we have an equivariant morphism φp,H:XΣ→ℙr\varphi_{p,H}\colon X_{\Sigma}\to\mathbb{P}^{r}. Consider the support function ΨΔr\Psi_{\Delta^{r}} on ΣΔr\Sigma_{\Delta^{r}}. Then LΨΔr=𝒪ℙr​(1)L_{\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}}=\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^{r}}(1). Write L=φp,H∗​LΨΔrL=\varphi^{\ast}_{p,H}L_{\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}}, s=φp,H∗​sΨΔrs=\varphi^{\ast}_{p,H}s_{\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}} and Ψ=H∗​ΨΔr\Psi=H^{\ast}\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}. Thus (L,s)=(LΨ,sΨ)(L,s)=(L_{\Psi},s_{\Psi}).

Set A=H+valK⁡(p)A=H+{\operatorname{val}}_{K}(p) for the affine map. Let ∥⋅∥\|\cdot\| be the metric on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} induced by the canonical metric of 𝒪​(DΨΔr)an\mathcal{O}(D_{\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}})^{{\text{\rm an}}} and let ψ\psi be the function associated to it by Proposition 5.16. By Proposition 5.24, ψ=A∗​ΨΔr\psi=A^{\ast}\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}. This is a piecewise affine concave function on NℝN_{\mathbb{R}} with rec⁡(ψ)=Ψ\operatorname{rec}(\psi)=\Psi that can be made explicit as follows.

Let {e1,…,er}\{e_{1},\dots,e_{r}\} be the standard basis of ℤr\mathbb{Z}^{r} and let {e1∨,…,er∨}\{e_{1}^{\vee},\dots,e_{r}^{\vee}\} be the dual basis. Write mi=ei∨∘H∈Mm_{i}=e_{i}^{\vee}\circ H\in M and li=ei∨​(valK⁡(p))∈ℝl_{i}=e_{i}^{\vee}({\operatorname{val}}_{K}(p))\in\mathbb{R}. Then

Ψ\displaystyle\Psi =min⁡{0,m1,…,mr}\displaystyle=\min\{0,m_{1},\dots,m_{r}\}
ψ\displaystyle\psi =min⁡{0,m1+l1,…,mr+lr}\displaystyle=\min\{0,m_{1}+l_{1},\dots,m_{r}+l_{r}\}

We want to characterize all the functions that can be obtained with a slight generalization of the previous construction.

Proposition 5.27.

Let Σ\Sigma be a complete fan in NN and Ψ\Psi a support function on Σ\Sigma. Write L=LΨL=L_{\Psi} and s=sΨs=s_{\Psi}. Let ψ:Nℝ→ℝ\psi\colon N_{\mathbb{R}}\to\mathbb{R} a piecewise affine concave function with rec⁡(ψ)=Ψ\operatorname{rec}(\psi)=\Psi, that has an HH-representation

ψ=mini=0,…,r⁡{mi+li},\psi=\min_{i=0,\dots,r}\{m_{i}+l_{i}\},

with mi∈Mℚm_{i}\in M_{\mathbb{Q}} and li∈ℝl_{i}\in\mathbb{R} in the Archimedean case and li∈ℚl_{i}\in\mathbb{Q} in the non-Archimedean case. Then there is an equivariant morphism φ:XΣ→ℙr\varphi\colon X_{\Sigma}\to\mathbb{P}^{r}, an integer e>0e>0 and an isomorphism L⊗e≃φ∗​𝒪​(1)L^{\otimes e}\simeq\varphi^{\ast}\mathcal{O}(1) such that the metric induced on LanL^{{\text{\rm an}}} by the canonical metric of 𝒪​(1)an\mathcal{O}(1)^{{\text{\rm an}}} agrees with ∥⋅∥ψ\|\cdot\|_{\psi}.

Proof.

First observe that the condition li∈ℝl_{i}\in\mathbb{R} in the Archimedean case and li∈ℚl_{i}\in\mathbb{Q} in the non-Archimedean case is equivalent to the condition li∈ℚ​valK⁡(K×)l_{i}\in\mathbb{Q}\,{\operatorname{val}}_{K}(K^{\times}). Let e>0e>0 be an integer such that e​mi∈Mem_{i}\in M and e​li∈valK⁡(K×)el_{i}\in{\operatorname{val}}_{K}(K^{\times}) for i=0,…,ri=0,\dots,r.

Consider the linear map H:Nℝ→ℝrH\colon N_{\mathbb{R}}\to\mathbb{R}^{r} given by H⁡(u)=(e​mi​(u)−e​m0​(u))i=1,…,rH(u)=(em_{i}(u)-em_{0}(u))_{i=1,\dots,r} and the affine map A=H+𝒍A=H+\boldsymbol{l} with 𝒍=(e​li−e​l0)i=1,…,r\boldsymbol{l}=(el_{i}-el_{0})_{i=1,\dots,r}. By Lemma 3.79,

e​ψ=A∗​ΨΔr+e​m0+e​l0.e\psi=A^{\ast}\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}+em_{0}+el_{0}.

We claim that, for each σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma there exists σi0∈ΣΔr\sigma_{i_{0}}\in\Sigma_{\Delta^{r}} such that H⁡(σ)⊂σi0H(\sigma)\subset\sigma_{i_{0}}. Indeed, Ψ⁡(u)=mini⁡{mi​(u)}\Psi(u)=\min_{i}\{m_{i}(u)\}. Since Ψ\Psi is a support function on Σ\Sigma, for each σ∈Σ\sigma\in\Sigma, there exists an i0i_{0} such that Ψ​(u)=mi0​(u)\Psi(u)=m_{i_{0}}(u) for all u∈σu\in\sigma. Writing e0∨=0e_{0}^{\vee}=0, this condition implies

min0≤i≤r⁡{ei∨​(H⁡(u))}=ei0∨​(H⁡(u))for all ​u∈σ.\min_{0\leq i\leq r}\{e_{i}^{\vee}(H(u))\}=e_{i_{0}}^{\vee}(H(u))\quad\text{for all }u\in\sigma.

Hence, H⁡(σ)⊂σi0H(\sigma)\subset\sigma_{i_{0}}, where σi0∈ΣΔr\sigma_{i_{0}}\in\Sigma_{\Delta^{r}} is the cone {v|min0≤i≤r⁡{ei∨​(v)}=ei0∨​(v)}\{v|\min_{0\leq i\leq r}\{e_{i}^{\vee}(v)\}=e_{i_{0}}^{\vee}(v)\} and the claim is proved.

Therefore, we can apply Theorem 4.9 and given a point p∈ℙrr​(K)p\in\mathbb{P}^{r}_{r}(K) such that valK⁡(p)=𝒍{\operatorname{val}}_{K}(p)=\boldsymbol{l}, there is an equivariant map φp,H:XΣ→ℙr\varphi_{p,H}\colon X_{\Sigma}\to\mathbb{P}^{r}. By Example 4.44, there is an isomorphism L⊗e≃φp,H∗​𝒪​(1)L^{\otimes e}\simeq\varphi_{p,H}^{*}\mathcal{O}(1) and a∈K×a\in K^{\times} with valK⁡(a)=l0{\operatorname{val}}_{K}(a)=l_{0} such that (a−1​χ−m0​s)⊗e(a^{-1}\chi^{-m_{0}}s)^{\otimes e} corresponds to φp,H∗​(sΨΔr)\varphi_{p,H}^{*}(s_{\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}}).

Let L¯{\overline{L}} be the line bundle LL equipped with the metric induced by the above isomorphism and the canonical metric of 𝒪​(1)an\mathcal{O}(1)^{{\text{\rm an}}}. Then

ψL¯,s=ψL¯,a−1​χ−m0​s+m0+l0=1e​A∗​ΨΔr+m0+l0=ψ,\psi_{{\overline{L}},s}=\psi_{{\overline{L}},a^{-1}\chi^{-m_{0}}s}+m_{0}+l_{0}=\frac{1}{e}A^{\ast}\Psi_{\Delta^{r}}+m_{0}+l_{0}=\psi,

as stated. ∎

Corollary 5.28.

Let ψ\psi be as in Proposition 5.27. Then the metric ∥⋅∥ψ\|\cdot\|_{\psi} is approachable.

Proof.

This follows readily from the previous result together with Example 2.32 in the Archimedean case and Example 2.25 in the non-Archimedean case and the fact that the inverse image of an approachable metric is also approachable. ∎

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source-backed reader collection; mathematical self-containment is not assessed.