ScalingStacks

Example 3.53 . [02M4]

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Example 3.53.

Consider the function

fFS:ℝn⟶ℝ,u⟼−12​log⁡(1+∑i=1ne−2​ui).f_{\operatorname{FS}}\colon\mathbb{R}^{n}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R},\quad u\longmapsto-\frac{1}{2}\log\Big(1+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{i}}\Big).

Let Δn={(x1,…,xn)⊂ℝn∣xi≥0,∑xi≤1}\Delta^{n}=\{(x_{1},\dots,x_{n})\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}\mid x_{i}\geq 0,\sum x_{i}\leq 1\} be the standard simplex of ℝn\mathbb{R}^{n}. For (x1,…,xn)∈Δn(x_{1},\dots,x_{n})\in\Delta^{n}, write x0=1−∑i=1nxix_{0}=1-\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_{i} and set

(3.54) εn:Δn⟶ℝ,x⟼−∑i=0mxilog(xi).\varepsilon_{n}\colon\Delta^{n}\longrightarrow\mathbb{R},\quad x\longmapsto-\sum_{i=0}^{m}x_{i}\log(x_{i}).

We have ∇fFS​(u)=11+∑i=1ne−2​ui​(e−2​u1,…,e−2​un)\displaystyle\nabla f_{{\operatorname{FS}}}(u)=\frac{1}{1+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{i}}}\left(\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{1}},\dots,\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{n}}\right) and so

12​εn​(∇fFS​(u))\displaystyle\frac{1}{2}\varepsilon_{n}(\nabla f_{{\operatorname{FS}}}(u)) =∑i=1ne−2​ui⁡ui1+∑i=1ne−2​ui+12​log⁡(1+∑i=1ne−2​ui)=⟨∇fFS​(u),u⟩−fFS​(u),\displaystyle=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{i}}u_{i}}{1+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{i}}}+\frac{1}{2}\log\Big(1+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\operatorname{e}^{-2u_{i}}\Big)=\langle\nabla f_{\operatorname{FS}}(u),u\rangle-f_{\operatorname{FS}}(u),

which shows that stab⁡(fFS)=Δn\operatorname{stab}(f_{{\operatorname{FS}}})=\Delta^{n} and that fFS∨=12​εnf_{\operatorname{FS}}^{\vee}=\frac{1}{2}\varepsilon_{n}.

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