ScalingStacks

Proof. [054K]

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Proof.

We will estimate the two terms in (5.204) individually, and we also divide into several cases.

First consider jk=0j_{k}=0 and k=0k=0. In this case the solutions uku_{k} is given by simple integrals of ξk\xi_{k} and the conclusion is easy to see.

The second case is that k∈ℤ+k\in\mathbb{Z}_{+} and jk=0j_{k}=0. Applying Proposition 5.5, the fundamental solutions 𝒢k​(z)\mathcal{G}_{k}(z) and 𝒟k​(z)\mathcal{D}_{k}(z) satisfy the uniform estimates

(5.208) 𝒢k​(z)\displaystyle\mathcal{G}_{k}(z) ≤Cλk14⋅z2−n4⋅e2​λkn⋅zn2,\displaystyle\leq\frac{C}{\lambda_{k}^{\frac{1}{4}}}\cdot z^{\frac{2-n}{4}}\cdot e^{2\sqrt{\frac{\lambda_{k}}{n}}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}},
(5.209) 𝒟k​(z)\displaystyle\mathcal{D}_{k}(z) ≤Cλk14⋅z2−n4⋅e−2λkn⋅zn2.\displaystyle\leq\frac{C}{\lambda_{k}^{\frac{1}{4}}}\cdot z^{\frac{2-n}{4}}\cdot e^{-2\sqrt{\frac{\lambda_{k}}{n}}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}.

By Lemma 5.3.1, 𝒲k​(z)=𝒲⁡(𝒢k​(z),𝒟k​(z))=n2\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)=\mathcal{W}(\mathcal{G}_{k}(z),\mathcal{D}_{k}(z))=\frac{n}{2}. Let us denote λ~k≡2​λkn\tilde{\lambda}_{k}\equiv 2\sqrt{\frac{\lambda_{k}}{n}}, then λ~k≥2​λ1n=δb\tilde{\lambda}_{k}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{\lambda_{1}}{n}}=\delta_{b}. Now the first integral term in (5.204) has the following bound,

(5.210) 𝒢k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞𝒟k​(r)​|ξk​(r)⋅rn−1|​𝑑r\displaystyle\frac{\mathcal{G}_{k}(z)}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}\mathcal{D}_{k}(r)|\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}|dr
≤\displaystyle\leq C⋅𝔅kλk12⋅z2−n4⋅eλ~k⋅zn2⋅∫z∞r3​n4−12⋅e(−λ~k+η0)⋅rn2​𝑑r.\displaystyle\frac{C\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}}{\lambda_{k}^{\frac{1}{2}}}\cdot z^{\frac{2-n}{4}}\cdot e^{\tilde{\lambda}_{k}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}\cdot\int_{z}^{\infty}r^{\frac{3n}{4}-\frac{1}{2}}\cdot e^{(-\tilde{\lambda}_{k}+\eta_{0})\cdot r^{\frac{n}{2}}}dr.

By assumption, |η0|<δb2≤λ~k2|\eta_{0}|<\frac{\delta_{b}}{2}\leq\frac{\tilde{\lambda}_{k}}{2}, then

(5.211) 𝒢k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞𝒟k​(r)​|ξk​(r)⋅rn−1|​𝑑r\displaystyle\frac{\mathcal{G}_{k}(z)}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}\mathcal{D}_{k}(r)|\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}|dr ≤\displaystyle\leq C⋅𝔅kλk12⋅z2−n4⋅eλ~k⋅zn2⋅e(−λ~k+η′)⋅zn2\displaystyle\frac{C\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}}{\lambda_{k}^{\frac{1}{2}}}\cdot z^{\frac{2-n}{4}}\cdot e^{\tilde{\lambda}_{k}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}\cdot e^{(-\tilde{\lambda}_{k}+\eta^{\prime})\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}
≤\displaystyle\leq C⋅𝔅k⋅eη⋅zn2,\displaystyle C\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot e^{\eta\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}},

where η>η′>η0>0\eta>\eta^{\prime}>\eta_{0}>0. Similarly,

(5.212) 𝒟k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z0z𝒢k​(r)​|ξk​(r)⋅rn−1|​𝑑r≤C⋅𝔅k⋅eη⋅zn2.\displaystyle\frac{\mathcal{D}_{k}(z)}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z_{0}}^{z}\mathcal{G}_{k}(r)|\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}|dr\leq C\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot e^{\eta\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}.

In the third case jk∈ℤ+j_{k}\in\mathbb{Z}_{+} and Q≥1Q\geq 1, we need to apply Lemma 5.11. In fact,

(5.213) 𝒢k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞𝒟k​(r)​ξk​(r)⋅rn−1​𝑑r\displaystyle\frac{\mathcal{G}_{k}(z)}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}\mathcal{D}_{k}(r)\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}dr
≤\displaystyle\leq Cn⋅Q14⋅(jk⋅zn)1−2​α4Γ2​(Q+1)⋅eG^k​(z)𝒲k​(z)∫z∞eF^k​(r)ξk(r)⋅rn−1dr\displaystyle C_{n}\cdot\frac{Q^{\frac{1}{4}}\cdot(j_{k}\cdot z^{n})^{\frac{1-2\alpha}{4}}}{\Gamma^{2}(Q+1)}\cdot\frac{e^{\widehat{G}_{k}(z)}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(r)}\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}dr
≤\displaystyle\leq Cn⋅𝔅k⋅Q14⋅(jk⋅zn)1−2​α4Γ2​(Q+1)⋅eG^k​(z)𝒲k​(z)∫z∞eF^k​(r)+η′⋅rn2dr,\displaystyle C_{n}\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot\frac{Q^{\frac{1}{4}}\cdot(j_{k}\cdot z^{n})^{\frac{1-2\alpha}{4}}}{\Gamma^{2}(Q+1)}\cdot\frac{e^{\widehat{G}_{k}(z)}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(r)+\eta^{\prime}\cdot r^{\frac{n}{2}}}dr,

where η′>η0\eta^{\prime}>\eta_{0}. We choose any ϵ∈(δb/100,δb/10)\epsilon\in(\delta_{b}/100,\delta_{b}/10) and denote η′′≡η′+ϵ\eta^{\prime\prime}\equiv\eta^{\prime}+\epsilon, then by Lemma 5.11,

(5.214) eG^k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞eF^k​(r)+η′⋅rn2​𝑑r\displaystyle\frac{e^{\widehat{G}_{k}(z)}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(r)+\eta^{\prime}\cdot r^{\frac{n}{2}}}dr
=\displaystyle= eG^k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞eF^k​(r)+η′′⋅rn2⋅e−ϵ​rn2​𝑑r\displaystyle\frac{e^{\widehat{G}_{k}(z)}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(r)+\eta^{\prime\prime}\cdot r^{\frac{n}{2}}}\cdot e^{-\epsilon r^{\frac{n}{2}}}dr
≤\displaystyle\leq eF^k​(z)+G^k​(z)+η′′⋅zn2𝒲k​(z)∫z∞e−ϵ⋅rn2dr\displaystyle\frac{e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(z)+\widehat{G}_{k}(z)+\eta^{\prime\prime}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}e^{-\epsilon\cdot r^{\frac{n}{2}}}dr
≤\displaystyle\leq Cn⋅eF^k​(z)+G^k​(z)+η′′⋅zn2𝒲k​(z).\displaystyle C_{n}\cdot\frac{e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(z)+\widehat{G}_{k}(z)+\eta^{\prime\prime}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}.

Therefore,

(5.215) 𝒢k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞𝒟k​(r)​ξk​(r)⋅rn−1​𝑑r≤Cn⋅𝔅k⋅Q14⋅(jk⋅zn)1−2​α4Γ2​(Q+1)⋅eF^k​(z)+G^k​(z)+η′′⋅zn2𝒲k​(z).\frac{\mathcal{G}_{k}(z)}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}\mathcal{D}_{k}(r)\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}dr\leq C_{n}\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot\frac{Q^{\frac{1}{4}}\cdot(j_{k}\cdot z^{n})^{\frac{1-2\alpha}{4}}}{\Gamma^{2}(Q+1)}\cdot\frac{e^{\widehat{F}_{k}(z)+\widehat{G}_{k}(z)+\eta^{\prime\prime}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}.

Plugging Lemma 5.10 and Proposition 5.6 into the above inequality,

(5.216) 𝒢k​(z)𝒲k​(z)​∫z∞𝒟k​(r)​ξk​(r)⋅rn−1​𝑑r\displaystyle\frac{\mathcal{G}_{k}(z)}{\mathcal{W}_{k}(z)}\int_{z}^{\infty}\mathcal{D}_{k}(r)\xi_{k}(r)\cdot r^{n-1}dr ≤\displaystyle\leq Cn⋅𝔅k⋅jk1n⋅e−Q⋅QQ+1Γ⁡(Q+1)⋅z⋅eη′′⋅zn2.\displaystyle C_{n}\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot\frac{j_{k}^{\frac{1}{n}}\cdot e^{-Q}\cdot Q^{Q+1}}{\Gamma(Q+1)}\cdot z\cdot e^{\eta^{\prime\prime}\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}.
≤\displaystyle\leq Cn⋅𝔅k⋅jk1n⋅eη⋅zn2\displaystyle C_{n}\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot j_{k}^{\frac{1}{n}}\cdot e^{\eta\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}
≤\displaystyle\leq Cn⋅𝔅k⋅(Λk)12​n⋅eη⋅zn2\displaystyle C_{n}\cdot\mathfrak{B}_{k}\cdot(\Lambda_{k})^{\frac{1}{2n}}\cdot e^{\eta\cdot z^{\frac{n}{2}}}

for any η∈(η′′,η′′+δb100)\eta\in(\eta^{\prime\prime},\eta^{\prime\prime}+\frac{\delta_{b}}{100}), where we used Stirling’s formula for estimating Γ⁡(Q+1)\Gamma(Q+1). Similarly we get the bound for the other term of (5.204).

The fourth case is when jk≥1j_{k}\geq 1 and Q≤1Q\leq 1. This case is simpler and follows from Corollary 5.12.1 and the argument in the second case.

This completes the proof of the proposition.

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