ScalingStacks

Example 7.10 . [02XA]

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Example 7.10.

In case Δ\Delta is a simplex, its aggregates in a given direction u∈ℝnu\in\mathbb{R}^{n} are some of its faces and the corresponding coefficients can be made explicit. Indeed, they satisfy the linear system

∑V∈Δ⁡(u)∑k=0min⁡{i,dim(V)}Ck​(Δ,u,V)​⟨u,V⟩i−k(i−k)!={0for ​i=0,…,n−1,Voln​(Δ)for ​i=n.\sum_{V\in\Delta(u)}\sum_{k=0}^{\min\{i,\dim(V)\}}C_{k}(\Delta,u,V)\frac{\langle u,V\rangle^{i-k}}{(i-k)!}=\begin{cases}0&\mbox{for }i=0,\dots,n-1,\\ {\rm Vol}_{n}(\Delta)&\mbox{for }i=n.\end{cases}

This system has as many unknowns as equations and might be solved using Cramer’s rule. These coefficients admit the closed formula below, which the reader might check using the recurrence relation (7.9):

(7.11) Ck​(Δ,u,V)=(−1)dim(V)−k​n!k!​voln⁡(Δ)​∑|β|=dim(V)−k∏ν∉V⟨V−ν,u⟩−βν−1,C_{k}(\Delta,u,V)=(-1)^{\dim(V)-k}\frac{n!}{k!}{\operatorname{vol}}_{n}(\Delta)\sum_{|\beta|=\dim(V)-k}\prod_{\nu\notin V}\langle V-\nu,u\rangle^{-\beta_{\nu}-1},

where the products are over the vertices ν\nu of Δ\Delta not lying in VV and the sum is over the tuples β\beta of non negative integers of length dim(V)−k\dim(V)-k, indexed by those same vertices of Δ\Delta that are not in VV, that is, β∈ℕn−dim(V)\beta\in\mathbb{N}^{n-\dim(V)} and |β|=dim(V)−k|\beta|=\dim(V)-k. In case V=ν0V=\nu_{0} is a vertex of Δ\Delta, the above formula reduces to

(7.12) C0​(Δ,u,ν0)=n!​voln⁡(Δ)​∏ν≠ν0⟨ν0−ν,u⟩−1.C_{0}(\Delta,u,\nu_{0})=n!{\operatorname{vol}}_{n}(\Delta)\prod_{\nu\neq\nu_{0}}\langle\nu_{0}-\nu,u\rangle^{-1}.

Suppose that the simplex is presented as the intersection of n+1n+1 halfspaces as Δ=⋂i=0n{x∈ℝn|⟨ui,x⟩−λi≥0}\Delta=\bigcap_{i=0}^{n}\{x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}|\,\langle u_{i},x\rangle-\lambda_{i}\geq 0\} for some ui∈ℝnu_{i}\in\mathbb{R}^{n} and λi∈ℝ\lambda_{i}\in\mathbb{R}. Up to a reordering, we can assume that u0u_{0} is normal to the unique face of Δ\Delta not containing ν0\nu_{0} and that det(u1,…,un)>0\det(u_{1},\dots,u_{n})>0. Then the above coefficient can be alternatively written as

(7.13) C0​(Δ,u,ν0)=det(u1,…,un)n−1∏i=1ndet(u1,…,ui−1,u,ui+1,…,un).C_{0}(\Delta,u,\nu_{0})=\frac{\det(u_{1},\dots,u_{n})^{n-1}}{\prod_{i=1}^{n}\det(u_{1},\dots,u_{i-1},u,u_{i+1},\dots,u_{n})}.

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