2.1. Smooth metrics in the Archimedean case [02IG]
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2.1. Smooth metrics in the Archimedean case
Let be an algebraic variety over and its associated complex analytic space. We recall the definition of differential forms on introduced by Bloom and Herrera [BH69]. The space can be covered by a family of open subsets such that each can be identified with a closed analytic subset of an open ball in for some . On each , the differential forms are defined as the restriction to this subset of smooth complex-valued differential forms defined on an open neighbourhood of in . Two differential forms on are identified if they coincide on the non-singular locus of . We denote by the complex of differential forms of , which is independent of the chosen embedding. In particular, if is non-singular, we recover the usual complex of differential forms. These complexes glue together to define a sheaf . This sheaf is equipped with differential operators d, , , , an external product and inverse images with respect to analytic morphisms: these operations are defined locally on each by extending the differential forms to a neighbourhood of in as above and applying the corresponding operations for . We write and for the sheaves of analytic functions and of smooth functions of , respectively.
Let be an algebraic line bundle on and its analytification.
Definition 2.1.
A metric on is an assignment that, to each local section of on an open subset , associates a continuous function
such that, for all ,
- (1)
if and only if ;
- (2)
for any , it holds
The pair is called a metrized line bundle.The metric is smooth if for every local section of , the function is smooth.
We remark that what we call “metric” in this text is called “continuous metric” in other contexts.
Let be a smooth metrized line bundle. Given a local section of on an open subset , the first Chern form of is the -form defined on as
It does not depend on the choice of local section and can be extended to a global closed -form. Observe that we are using the algebro-geometric convention, and so determines a class in .
Example 2.2.
Let and , the universal line bundle of . A rational section of can be identified with a homogeneous rational function of degree 1. The poles of this section coincide which those of . For a point outside this set of poles, the Fubini-Study metric of is defined as
Clearly, this definition does not depend on the choice of a representative of . The pair is a metrized line bundle.
Many smooth metrics can be obtained as the inverse image of the Fubini-Study metric. Let be a variety over and a line bundle on , and assume that there is an integer such that is generated by global sections. Choose a basis of the space of global sections and let be the induced morphism. Given a local section of , let be a local section of such that . Then, the smooth metric on obtained from the Fubini-Study metric by inverse image is given by
for any which is not a pole of .
Definition 2.3.
Let be a smooth metrized line bundle and , the unit disk of . We say that is semipositive if, for every holomorphic map
We say that is positive if this integral is strictly positive for all non-constant holomorphic maps as before.
Example 2.4.
A family of smooth metrized line bundles on and a -dimensional cycle of define a signed measure on as follows. First suppose that is a subvariety of and let denote the current of integration along the analytic subvariety , defined as for . Then the current
is a signed measure on . This notion extends by linearity to . If , , are semipositive and is effective, this signed measure is a measure.
Remark 2.5.
We can reduce the study of algebraic varieties and line bundles over the field of real numbers to the complex case by using the following standard technique. A variety over induces a variety over together with an anti-linear involution such that the diagram
commutes, where the arrow below denotes the map induced by complex conjugation. A line bundle on determines a line bundle on and an isomorphism such that a section of is real if and only if . By a metric on we will mean a metric on such that the induced map is an isometry.
In this way, the above definitions can be extended to metrized line bundles on varieties over . For instance, a real smooth metrized line bundle is semipositive if and only if its associated complex smooth metrized line bundle is semipositive. The corresponding signed measure is a measure over which is invariant under .
In the sequel, every time we have a real variety, we will work with the associated complex variety and quietly ignore the anti-linear involution , because it will play no role in our results.