ScalingStacks

1.1.3. Positive vertices [03YF]

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1.1.3. Positive vertices

Let π”‡βŠ‚B\mathfrak{D}\subset B be a graph with one vertex emitting 3 edges. Topologically, we can present 𝔇\mathfrak{D} as

(1.2) 𝔇=𝔇1βˆͺ𝔇2βˆͺ𝔇3βˆͺ{0}={ΞΌ1=0,ΞΌ2>0}βˆͺ{ΞΌ2=0,ΞΌ1>0}βˆͺ{ΞΌ1=ΞΌ2<0}βˆͺ{0}βŠ‚β„ΞΌ1,ΞΌ22Γ—{0}βŠ‚β„2×ℝ=B.\begin{split}\mathfrak{D}&=\mathfrak{D}_{1}\cup\mathfrak{D}_{2}\cup\mathfrak{D}_{3}\cup\{0\}\\ &=\{\mu_{1}=0,\mu_{2}>0\}\cup\{\mu_{2}=0,\mu_{1}>0\}\cup\{\mu_{1}=\mu_{2}<0\}\cup\{0\}\\ &\subset\mathbb{R}^{2}_{\mu_{1},\mu_{2}}\times\{0\}\subset\mathbb{R}^{2}\times\mathbb{R}=B.\end{split}

The total space M+M^{+} is built as a singular T2T^{2}-bundle over BΓ—S1=ℝμ1,ΞΌ22×ℝ×S1B\times S^{1}=\mathbb{R}^{2}_{\mu_{1},\mu_{2}}\times\mathbb{R}\times S^{1} with discriminant locus 𝔇×{0}βŠ‚BΓ—S1\mathfrak{D}\times\{0\}\subset B\times S^{1}. Let e1,e2e_{1},e_{2} denote a basis of H1​(T2,β„€)H_{1}(T^{2},\mathbb{Z}), and denote T⁑(a​e1+b​e2)T(ae_{1}+be_{2}) as the subtorus with homology class a​e1+b​e2ae_{1}+be_{2}. Over (BΓ—S1)βˆ–(𝔇×{0})(B\times S^{1})\setminus(\mathfrak{D}\times\{0\}) the space M+M^{+} is a principal T2T^{2}-bundle, whose Chern class c1∈H2​(BΓ—S1βˆ–(𝔇×{0}),℀​e1βŠ•β„€β€‹e2)c_{1}\in H^{2}(B\times S^{1}\setminus(\mathfrak{D}\times\{0\}),\mathbb{Z}e_{1}\oplus\mathbb{Z}e_{2}) evaluates to e1,βˆ’e2,βˆ’e1+e2e_{1},-e_{2},-e_{1}+e_{2} respectively on the S2S^{2}-cycles linking 𝔇1Γ—{0},𝔇2Γ—{0},𝔇3Γ—{0}\mathfrak{D}_{1}\times\{0\},\mathfrak{D}_{2}\times\{0\},\mathfrak{D}_{3}\times\{0\} inside BΓ—S1B\times S^{1}. Over the codimension 3 loci 𝔇1Γ—{0}\mathfrak{D}_{1}\times\{0\}, 𝔇2Γ—{0}\mathfrak{D}_{2}\times\{0\}, 𝔇3Γ—{0}\mathfrak{D}_{3}\times\{0\} inside BΓ—S1B\times S^{1}, the T2T^{2}-fibres collapse to circle fibres T2/T⁑(e1)T^{2}/T(e_{1}), T2/T⁑(βˆ’e2)T^{2}/T(-e_{2}), T2/T⁑(βˆ’e1+e2)T^{2}/T(-e_{1}+e_{2}) respectively. Finally, over the origin {0}βŠ‚BΓ—S1\{0\}\subset B\times S^{1}, the T2T^{2}-fibre collapses to a point. The singular T2T^{2}-bundle over a small neighbourhood of the origin D4βŠ‚BΓ—S1D^{4}\subset B\times S^{1} is topologically modelled on

(1.3) Ο€β„‚3:β„‚3→ℝμ1,ΞΌ22×ℝ×ℝ,(z0,z1,z2)↦(12​(|z1|2βˆ’|z0|2),12​(|z2|2βˆ’|z0|2),Im​(z0​z1​z2),Re​(z0​z1​z2))\begin{split}&\pi_{\mathbb{C}^{3}}:\mathbb{C}^{3}\to\mathbb{R}^{2}_{\mu_{1},\mu_{2}}\times\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R},\\ &(z_{0},z_{1},z_{2})\mapsto\left(\frac{1}{2}(|z_{1}|^{2}-|z_{0}|^{2}),\frac{1}{2}(|z_{2}|^{2}-|z_{0}|^{2}),\text{Im}(z_{0}z_{1}z_{2}),\text{Re}(z_{0}z_{1}z_{2})\right)\end{split}

whose discriminant locus is compatible with 𝔇\mathfrak{D}.

By construction M+M^{+} fibres over BB with generic fibre T3T^{3}. The singular fibre over 0∈B0\in B has the topology of T3T^{3} with T2T^{2} collapsed to a point, so has Betti numbers (b1,b2)=(1,2)(b_{1},b_{2})=(1,2) and Euler characteristic +1+1 (hence the name β€˜positive vertex’). A basis of H1​(T3)H_{1}(T^{3}) is given by e1,e2∈H1​(T2)βŠ‚H1​(T3)e_{1},e_{2}\in H_{1}(T^{2})\subset H_{1}(T^{3}) and an S1S^{1}-cycle e0e_{0} on the total space lifting the cycle S1βŠ‚BΓ—S1S^{1}\subset B\times S^{1}. The monodromies around the 3 edges 𝔇1\mathfrak{D}_{1}, 𝔇2\mathfrak{D}_{2}, 𝔇3\mathfrak{D}_{3} acting on H1​(T3)H_{1}(T^{3}) are given in the basis e0,e1,e2e_{0},e_{1},e_{2} as

[100110001],[100010βˆ’101],Β and ​[100βˆ’110101].\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\\ 1&1&0\\ 0&0&1\end{bmatrix},\quad\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\\ 0&1&0\\ -1&0&1\end{bmatrix},\text{ and }\begin{bmatrix}1&0&0\\ -1&1&0\\ 1&0&1\end{bmatrix}.

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