ScalingStacks

1.3.1. Gibbons-Hawking viewpoint [03Z7]

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1.3.1. Gibbons-Hawking viewpoint

The Ooguri-Vafa metric is an incomplete S1S^{1}-invariant hyperKähler metric constructed via the Gibbons-Hawking ansatz (cf. Section 1.2 with N=2,𝔫=1N=2,\mathfrak{n}=1). In our normalisation conventions, the metric lives on the singular S1S^{1}-bundle M→ℬ⊂ℝμ×(S1×ℝ)ηM\to\mathcal{B}\subset\mathbb{R}_{\mu}\times(S^{1}\times\mathbb{R})_{\eta} where the complex variable η\eta has period 1, and the S1S^{1}-fibre collapses to a point over the origin (μ,η)=0(\mu,\eta)=0. The first Chern class c1c_{1} of the S1S^{1}-bundle evaluates to −1-1 on a sphere around the origin in ℝμ×(S1×ℝ)η\mathbb{R}_{\mu}\times(S^{1}\times\mathbb{R})_{\eta}. The composition M→ℬ→(μ,Im​η)ℝ2M\to\mathcal{B}\xrightarrow{(\mu,\text{Im}\eta)}\mathbb{R}^{2} gives a singular T2T^{2}-fibration, and the periodicity condition on η\eta amounts to imposing ∫T2Ω=2​π\int_{T^{2}}\Omega=2\pi.

Let A≫1A\gg 1 be a large parameter. The Ooguri-Vafa metric can be thought as a perturbation of the constant solution (cf. Example 1.6) which is encoded by

gA=A⁡(d​μ2+|d​η|2).g_{A}=A(d\mu^{2}+|d\eta|^{2}).

after incorporating some topology. We denote |(μ,η)|=μ2+|η|2|(\mu,\eta)|=\sqrt{\mu^{2}+|\eta|^{2}}, and set

(1.19) V⁡(μ,η)=W=A+12​|(μ,η)|+∑n∈ℤ∖{0}{12​|(μ,η+n)|−12​|n|}V(\mu,\eta)=W=A+\frac{1}{2|(\mu,\eta)|}+\sum_{n\in\mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}}\{\frac{1}{2|(\mu,\eta+n)|}-\frac{1}{2|n|}\}

This series is convergent, 1-periodic in the η\eta variable, and satisfies the Laplace equation on ℬ\mathcal{B} with distributional term which encodes simultaneously the Calabi-Yau condition and the topology:

12​π​(∂2∂μ​∂μ+4​∂2∂η​∂η¯)​V​d​μ∧d​Re​η∧d​Im​η=−δ0,\frac{1}{2\pi}\left(\frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial\mu\partial\mu}+4\frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial\eta\partial\bar{\eta}}\right)Vd\mu\wedge d\text{Re}\eta\wedge d\text{Im}{\eta}=-\delta_{0},

where δ0\delta_{0} is the delta measure at the origin in ℝμ×S1×ℝ\mathbb{R}_{\mu}\times S^{1}\times\mathbb{R}. The metric on MM

g=V⁡(d​μ2+|d​η|2)+V−1​ϑ2g=V(d\mu^{2}+|d\eta|^{2})+V^{-1}\vartheta^{2}

is called the Ooguri-Vafa metric. Strictly speaking, the connection ϑ\vartheta can be twisted by a flat connection, and this choice is parametrised by H1​(ℬ∖{0},S1)=H1​(ℬ,S1)=H1​(S1×ℝ2,S1)≃S1H^{1}(\mathcal{B}\setminus\{0\},S^{1})=H^{1}(\mathcal{B},S^{1})=H^{1}(S^{1}\times\mathbb{R}^{2},S^{1})\simeq S^{1} using that a codimension 3 subset in the base does not affect the fundamental group. We sometimes suppress mentioning this choice as it does not affect the geometry significantly. By Remark 1.6 the μ,Im​η\mu,\text{Im}\eta coordinates define a special Lagrangian fibration with phase zero on MM.

The Ooguri-Vafa metric has the important exponential decay property for μ2+(Im​η)2≥1\mu^{2}+(\text{Im}\eta)^{2}\geq 1,

(1.20) |V⁡(μ,η)−A+γE−log⁡2+12​log⁡(μ2+|Im​η|2)|≤C​exp⁡(−2​π​μ2+(Im​η)2).|V(\mu,\eta)-A+\gamma_{E}-\log 2+\frac{1}{2}\log(\mu^{2}+|\text{Im}\eta|^{2})|\leq C\exp(-2\pi\sqrt{\mu^{2}+(\text{Im}\eta)^{2}}).

where γE=limn→∞∑k=1n1k−log⁡n\gamma_{E}=\lim_{n\to\infty}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{1}{k}-\log n is the Euler constant. For μ2+(Im​η)2≫1\sqrt{\mu^{2}+(\text{Im}\eta)^{2}}\gg 1, the dependence of VV on the periodic Re​(η)\text{Re}(\eta)-variable decays exponentially, so up to exponentially small error the Ooguri-Vafa metric is asymptotic to a semiflat metric. This property is the main reason why the Ooguri-Vafa metric is useful for the gluing construction of Gross and Wilson [11]. On the other hand VV becomes negative roughly when log⁡(μ2+|Im​η|2)>2​A\log(\mu^{2}+|\text{Im}\eta|^{2})>2A, so the metric is only defined on a bounded set and is incomplete.

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