ScalingStacks

8.2. Corollary B for pairs [0185]

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8.2. Corollary B for pairs

Suppose (X,B)(X,B) is a projective subklt pair over 𝔻∗{\mathbb{D}}^{*} that is meromorphic at 0∈𝔻0\in{\mathbb{D}}.

By Bertini’s theorem (see [Kol97, 4.8] and also below), the pair (Xt,Bt)(X_{t},B_{t}) is subklt for all t∈𝔻∗t\in{\mathbb{D}}^{*} outside a discrete subset ZZ. Let ψ\psi be a continuous metric on K(X,B)/𝔻∗K_{{(X,B)}/{\mathbb{D}}^{*}}. As explained in §1.2, ψ\psi induces a finite positive measure e2​(ψt−ϕBt)e^{2(\psi_{t}-\phi_{B_{t}})} on XtX_{t} for t∈𝔻∗∖Zt\in{\mathbb{D}}^{*}\setminus Z.

Assume that ψ\psi has analytic singularities in the sense that there exists a flat projective map 𝒳→𝔻{\mathcal{X}}\to{\mathbb{D}} extending X→𝔻∗X\to{\mathbb{D}}^{*}, with 𝒳{\mathcal{X}} normal, and a ℚ{\mathbb{Q}}-line bundle ℒ{\mathcal{L}} on 𝒳{\mathcal{X}} extending K(X,B)/𝔻∗K_{(X,B)/{\mathbb{D}}^{*}} such that ψ\psi extends continuously to ℒ{\mathcal{L}}.

Our assumptions imply that XX is defined over the Banach ring ArA_{r} described in Appendix A for 0<r≪10<r\ll 1. Let XhybX^{\mathrm{hyb}} be the analytification of the base change XArX_{A_{r}}. Recall that XhybX^{\mathrm{hyb}} naturally fibers over 𝔻¯r\overline{{\mathbb{D}}}_{r}, with X𝔻¯r∗hyb≃X𝔻¯r∗X^{\mathrm{hyb}}_{\overline{{\mathbb{D}}}^{*}_{r}}\simeq X_{\overline{{\mathbb{D}}}^{*}_{r}} and X0hyb≃Xℂ⁡((t))anX^{\mathrm{hyb}}_{0}\simeq X_{{\mathbb{C}}(\!({t})\!)}^{\mathrm{an}}.

Theorem 8.4.

The pair (Xt,Bt)(X_{t},B_{t}) is klt for 0<|t|≪10<|t|\ll 1. Further, there exist κmin∈ℚ\kappa_{\min}\in{\mathbb{Q}} and d∈ℕ∗d\in{\mathbb{N}}^{*} such that the rescaled measures

μt:=e2​ψt|t|2​κmin​(2​π​log⁡|t|−1)d,\mu_{t}:=\frac{e^{2\psi_{t}}}{|t|^{2\kappa_{\min}}(2\pi\log|t|^{-1})^{d}},

viewed as measures on XhybX^{\mathrm{hyb}}, converge weakly, as t→0t\to 0, to a finite positive measure μ0\mu_{0} on X0hyb=Xℂ⁡((t))anX^{\mathrm{hyb}}_{0}=X_{{\mathbb{C}}(\!({t})\!)}^{\mathrm{an}}.

A special case of Theorem 8.4 is the log Calabi–Yau setting, when the ℚ{\mathbb{Q}}-line bundle K(X,B)/𝔻∗K_{(X,B)/{\mathbb{D}}^{*}} is trivial. In general, we are not able to give a very precise description of the limit measure μ0\mu_{0}, but the proof will show that μ0\mu_{0} is a skeletal measure when the pair (X,B)(X,B) is log smooth.

Proof of Theorem 8.4.

Let us first treat the case when (X,B)(X,B) is log smooth. In this case we need not assume that X→𝔻∗X\to{\mathbb{D}}^{*} is projective. It follows from the normal crossings condition that (Xt,Bt)(X_{t},B_{t}) is subklt for 0<|t|≪10<|t|\ll 1. After reparametrizing we may assume this is true for all t∈𝔻∗t\in{\mathbb{D}}^{*}, that is, Z=∅Z=\emptyset. Set

νt=e2​(ψt−ϕBt).\nu_{t}=e^{2(\psi_{t}-\phi_{B_{t}})}.

This is a positive measure on XtX_{t}, smooth outside the support of BtB_{t}. Pick an snc model (𝒳,ℬ)({\mathcal{X}},{\mathcal{B}}) of (X,B)(X,B), where ℬ{\mathcal{B}} is the closure of BB in 𝒳{\mathcal{X}}, such that ψ\psi extends to a continuous metric on a ℚ{\mathbb{Q}}-line bundle ℒ{\mathcal{L}} on 𝒳{\mathcal{X}} extending K(X,B)/𝔻∗K_{(X,B)/{\mathbb{D}}^{*}}.

We can then prove a version of Theorem A inside the hybrid space 𝒳hyb{\mathcal{X}}^{\mathrm{hyb}}. By letting 𝒳{\mathcal{X}} vary, we obtain Theorem 8.4 as a consequence, just as Corollary B follows from Theorem A.

The proof is very similar to the proof of Theorem A, so we will only indicate the modifications needed. Let us write

K(𝒳,ℬ)/𝔻log=ℒ+∑i∈Iai​EiK^{\mathrm{log}}_{({\mathcal{X}},{\mathcal{B}})/{\mathbb{D}}}={\mathcal{L}}+\sum_{i\in I}a_{i}E_{i}

with ai∈ℚa_{i}\in{\mathbb{Q}}. Set κi:=ai/bi\kappa_{i}:=a_{i}/b_{i} and κmin:=mini⁡κi\kappa_{\min}:=\min_{i}\kappa_{i}. Here 𝒳0=∑ibi​Ei{\mathcal{X}}_{0}=\sum_{i}b_{i}E_{i} as before.

Define Δ⁡(ℒ)\Delta({\mathcal{L}}) as the subcomplex of Δ⁡(𝒳)\Delta({\mathcal{X}}) spanned by the vertices such that κi=κmin\kappa_{i}=\kappa_{\min}. This will be the support of the measure μ0\mu_{0}. For every stratum YY corresponding to a maximal face of Δ⁡(ℒ)\Delta({\mathcal{L}}), define a subklt pair (Y,BYℒ)(Y,B_{Y}^{\mathcal{L}}) using

BYℒ:=ℬ|Y+∑i∉J(1−(ai−κmin​bi))​Ei|YB^{\mathcal{L}}_{Y}:={\mathcal{B}}|_{Y}+\sum_{i\notin J}(1-(a_{i}-\kappa_{\min}b_{i}))E_{i}|_{Y}

The residual measure ResY⁡(ψ)\operatorname{Res}_{Y}(\psi) is given by

ResY⁡(ψ):=exp⁡(2​(ψ|Y−ϕBYℒ)).\operatorname{Res}_{Y}(\psi):=\exp\left(2(\psi|_{Y}-\phi_{B^{\mathcal{L}}_{Y}})\right).

Finally set

μ0:=∑σ(∫YσResYσ⁡(ψ))​bσ−1​λσ,\mu_{0}:=\sum_{\sigma}\left(\int_{Y_{\sigma}}\operatorname{Res}_{Y_{\sigma}}(\psi)\right)b_{\sigma}^{-1}\lambda_{\sigma},

where σ\sigma ranges over the dd-dimensional faces of Δ⁡(ℒ)\Delta({\mathcal{L}}), with d=dimΔ⁡(ℒ)d=\dim\Delta({\mathcal{L}}).

We then prove a version of Theorem 3.4. Namely, if

μt:=λ​(t)d(2​π)d​|t|2​κmin​e2​(ψt−ϕBt).\mu_{t}:=\frac{\lambda(t)^{d}}{(2\pi)^{d}|t|^{2\kappa_{\min}}}e^{2(\psi_{t}-\phi_{B_{t}})}.

then we show that μt\mu_{t} converges to μ0\mu_{0} in 𝒳hyb{\mathcal{X}}^{\mathrm{hyb}} as t→0t\to 0. This is done via a local convergence result as in Lemma 3.5. Namely, given a point ξ∈𝒳0\xi\in{\mathcal{X}}_{0}, we choose local coordinates (z0,…,zn)(z_{0},\dots,z_{n}) at ξ\xi as in §3.2, but further require that these coordinates also cut out the irreducible components of ℬ{\mathcal{B}} containing ξ\xi. More precisely, there exist mm with p≤m≤np\leq m\leq n such that these irreducible components are given by Bi={zi=0}B_{i}=\{z_{i}=0\} for p<i≤mp<i\leq m. Also set ci:=ordBi⁡(ℬ)<1c_{i}:=\operatorname{ord}_{B_{i}}({\mathcal{B}})<1.

A local ℚ{\mathbb{Q}}-generator for ℒ{\mathcal{L}} at ξ\xi is then given by

τ=∏i=0pziai​∏i=p+1mzi−ci​Ωrel,\tau=\prod_{i=0}^{p}z_{i}^{a_{i}}\prod_{i=p+1}^{m}z_{i}^{-c_{i}}\ \Omega^{\mathrm{rel}},

with Ωrel\Omega^{\mathrm{rel}} as before. For a stratum YY corresponding to a dd-dimensional simplex in Δ⁡(ℒ)\Delta({\mathcal{L}}), the residual measure is given by

ResY⁡(ψ)=|τ|∏i=d+1pψ−2⁡|zi|2​(ai−κmin​bi−1)​∏i=p+1m|zi|−2​ci​|⋀i=d+1nd​zi|2.\operatorname{Res}_{Y}(\psi)=|\tau|^{-2}_{\psi}\prod_{i=d+1}^{p}|z_{i}|^{2(a_{i}-\kappa_{\min}b_{i}-1)}\prod_{i=p+1}^{m}|z_{i}|^{-2c_{i}}\bigg|\bigwedge_{i=d+1}^{n}dz_{i}\bigg|^{2}. (8.1)

The measure μt\mu_{t} can be written near ξ\xi as

μt=λ​(t)d(2​π)d​∏i=p+1m|zi|−2​ci​|Ωt|2|∏i=p+1mzi−ci​Ωt|ψt2.\mu_{t}=\frac{\lambda(t)^{d}}{(2\pi)^{d}}\frac{\prod_{i=p+1}^{m}|z_{i}|^{-2c_{i}}|\Omega_{t}|^{2}}{\big|\prod_{i=p+1}^{m}z_{i}^{-c_{i}}\Omega_{t}\big|^{2}_{\psi_{t}}}.

The proof now proceeds exactly as in §3.3 except that we need to insert a factor ∏i=p+1m|zi|−2​ci\prod_{i=p+1}^{m}|z_{i}|^{-2c_{i}} in the last two lines of (3.3) and (3.6), the second line and the second factor of the last line of (3.7), and the right-hand sides of (3.8) and (3.9). This completes the proof in the log smooth case.

Now we consider the general case, assuming X→𝔻∗X\to{\mathbb{D}}^{*} is projective. Pick a log resolution q:(X′,B′)→(X,B)q\colon(X^{\prime},B^{\prime})\to(X,B). Since (Xt′,Bt′)(X^{\prime}_{t},B^{\prime}_{t}) is subklt for 0<|t|≪10<|t|\ll 1, the same is true for (Xt,Bt)(X_{t},B_{t}). We have an induced continuous map qhyb:(X′)hyb→Xhybq^{\mathrm{hyb}}\colon(X^{\prime})^{\mathrm{hyb}}\to X^{\mathrm{hyb}}. By what precedes, there exist κ∈ℚ\kappa\in{\mathbb{Q}} and d∈ℕd\in{\mathbb{N}} such that the measure μt′:=e2​(ψt′−ϕBt′)|t|2​κmin​(2​π​log⁡|t|−1)d\mu^{\prime}_{t}:=\frac{e^{2(\psi^{\prime}_{t}-\phi_{B^{\prime}_{t}})}}{|t|^{2\kappa_{\min}}(2\pi\log|t|^{-1})^{d}} on Xt′=XhybX^{\prime}_{t}=X^{\mathrm{hyb}} converges to a nonzero positive measure μ0′\mu^{\prime}_{0} on (X′)hyb(X^{\prime})^{\mathrm{hyb}}. By continuity, it follows that μt=q∗hyb​μt′\mu_{t}=q^{\mathrm{hyb}}_{*}\mu^{\prime}_{t} converges to the nonzero positive measure μ0=q∗hyb​μ0′\mu_{0}=q^{\mathrm{hyb}}_{*}\mu^{\prime}_{0} on XhybX^{\mathrm{hyb}}. This completes the proof. ∎

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