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Proof.
First, we prove (5.152 ). Both the upper bound and lower bound estimates can be proved in the similar way:
Ξ¨ β β‘ ( Ξ² , Ξ± , y ) \displaystyle\Tri(\beta,\alpha,y)
= e y Ξ β‘ ( Ξ± β Ξ² ) β β« 0 β e y β t β t Ξ± β Ξ² β 1 β ( 1 + t ) Ξ² β 1 β π t \displaystyle=\frac{e^{y}}{\Gamma(\fa-\fb)}\int_{0}^{\infty}e^{yt}t^{\fa-\fb-1}(1+t)^{\fb-1}dt
β€ e y Ξ β‘ ( Ξ± β Ξ² ) β
β« 0 β e y β t β t Ξ± β Ξ² β 1 β π t \displaystyle\leq\frac{e^{y}}{\Gamma(\fa-\fb)}\cdot\int_{0}^{\infty}e^{yt}t^{\fa-\fb-1}dt
= e y β
( β y ) Ξ² β Ξ± Ξ β‘ ( Ξ± β Ξ² ) β
β« 0 β e β u β u Ξ± β Ξ² β 1 β π u \displaystyle=\frac{e^{y}\cdot(-y)^{\beta-\alpha}}{\Gamma(\fa-\fb)}\cdot\int_{0}^{\infty}e^{-u}u^{\fa-\fb-1}du
(5.154)
= e y β
( β y ) Ξ² β Ξ± . \displaystyle=e^{y}\cdot(-y)^{\beta-\alpha}.
Similarly,
Ξ¨ β β‘ ( Ξ² , Ξ± , y ) \displaystyle\Tri(\fb,\fa,y)
β₯ e y Ξ β‘ ( Ξ± β Ξ² ) β β« 0 1 e y β t β t Ξ± β Ξ² β 1 β ( 1 + t ) Ξ² β 1 β π t \displaystyle\geq\frac{e^{y}}{\Gamma(\fa-\fb)}\int_{0}^{1}e^{yt}t^{\fa-\fb-1}(1+t)^{\fb-1}dt
β₯ C n β
e y β« 0 1 e y β t t Ξ± β Ξ² β 1 d t \displaystyle\geq C_{n}\cdot e^{y}\int_{0}^{1}e^{yt}t^{\fa-\fb-1}dt
(5.155)
β₯ C n β
e y β
( β y ) Ξ² β Ξ± . \displaystyle\geq C_{n}\cdot e^{y}\cdot(-y)^{\fb-\fa}.
Next, we prove the upper bound estimate for Ξ¦ β― \Ku . Notice in the proof of Lemma 5.9 we do not need the condition Q β€ 1 Q\leq 1 for the upper bound on Ξ¦ β― \Ku . So we have
(5.156)
Ξ¦ β― β‘ ( Ξ² , Ξ± , y ) β€ C n β
Ξ β‘ ( Ξ± ) Ξ β‘ ( Ξ± β Ξ² ) β
( β y ) 1 β 2 β Ξ± 4 β
e y + G β‘ ( u 0 ) . \Ku(\beta,\alpha,y)\leq C_{n}\cdot\frac{\Gamma(\alpha)}{\Gamma(\alpha-\beta)}\cdot(-y)^{\frac{1-2\alpha}{4}}\cdot e^{y+G(u_{0})}.
To prove (5.153 ), we need an upper bound estimate for e y + G β‘ ( u 0 ) e^{y+G(u_{0})} . This follows from elementary computations.
In fact,
e y + G β‘ ( u 0 ) = e y β u 0 2 + 2 β β y β u 0 β
( u 0 ) 2 β Q + Ξ³ n β€ C n β
e y β u 0 2 + 2 β β y β u 0 β
( β y ) Q + Ξ³ n 2 . e^{y+G(u_{0})}=e^{y-u_{0}^{2}+2\sqrt{-y}u_{0}}\cdot(u_{0})^{2Q+\gamma_{n}}\\
\leq C_{n}\cdot e^{y-u_{0}^{2}+2\sqrt{-y}u_{0}}\cdot(-y)^{Q+\frac{\gamma_{n}}{2}}.
Notice that u 0 u_{0} satisfies G β² β ( u 0 ) = 0 G^{\prime}(u_{0})=0 , i.e.,
(5.157)
u 0 2 β β y β
u 0 β 2 β Q + Ξ³ n 2 = 0 , u_{0}^{2}-\sqrt{-y}\cdot u_{0}-\frac{2Q+\gamma_{n}}{2}=0,
so we have
(5.158)
e y + G β‘ ( u 0 ) β€ C n β
e y + β y β u 0 β
( β y ) Q + Ξ³ n 2 . e^{y+G(u_{0})}\leq C_{n}\cdot e^{y+\sqrt{-y}u_{0}}\cdot(-y)^{Q+\frac{\gamma_{n}}{2}}.
By (5.115 ), it is straightforward that
(5.159)
y + β y β u 0 = y 2 β ( 1 β 1 + 4 β Q + 2 β Ξ³ n β y ) = 2 β Q + Ξ³ n 1 + 1 + 4 β Q + 2 β Ξ³ n β y β [ C n β 1 , C n ] , \displaystyle y+\sqrt{-y}u_{0}=\frac{y}{2}\Big(1-\sqrt{1+\frac{4Q+2\gamma_{n}}{-y}}\Big)=\frac{2Q+\gamma_{n}}{1+\sqrt{1+\frac{4Q+2\gamma_{n}}{-y}}}\in[C_{n}^{-1},C_{n}],
for some dimensional constant C n > 0 C_{n}>0 .
Therefore,
(5.160)
e y + G β‘ ( u 0 ) β€ C n β ( β y ) Q + 1 4 + 1 2 β n , \displaystyle e^{y+G(u_{0})}\leq C_{n}(-y)^{Q+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2n}},
and hence
(5.161)
Ξ¦ β― β‘ ( Ξ² , Ξ± , y ) β€ C n β ( β y ) Q + 1 n = C n β ( β y ) β Ξ² . \displaystyle\Ku(\fb,\fa,y)\leq C_{n}(-y)^{Q+\frac{1}{n}}=C_{n}(-y)^{-\beta}.
This completes the proof.
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