ScalingStacks

Proof. [04Y4]

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Proof.

We will construct a regular toric RR-scheme 𝒴\mathscr{Y} such that 𝒴k\mathscr{Y}_{k} is a strict normal crossings divisor that has a stratum DD satisfying 𝒳/C^≅𝒴/D^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}\cong\widehat{\mathscr{Y}_{/D}}. Let ΞΉ\iota be the greatest common divisor of the multiplicities NiN_{i} with i∈Jβˆͺ{0}i\in J\cup\{0\}. We choose lattice vectors ui,i∈Jβˆͺ{0}u_{i},\,i\in J\cup\{0\} in β„€J\mathbb{Z}^{J} with the following property: if we set v0=(u0,N0/ΞΉ)v_{0}=(u_{0},N_{0}/\iota) and vj=(uj,Nj/ΞΉ)v_{j}=(u_{j},N_{j}/\iota) in β„€JβŠ•β„€\mathbb{Z}^{J}\oplus\mathbb{Z}, for all j∈Jj\in J, then the set {vi,i∈Jβˆͺ{0}}\{v_{i},\,i\in J\cup\{0\}\,\} is a basis for β„€JβŠ•β„€\mathbb{Z}^{J}\oplus\mathbb{Z}. Now we set

v∞=βˆ’v0+βˆ‘j∈Jbj​vjv_{\infty}=-v_{0}+\sum_{j\in J}b_{j}v_{j}

in β„€JβŠ•β„€\mathbb{Z}^{J}\oplus\mathbb{Z}. Because of the relation (5.3), the last coordinate of v∞v_{\infty} equals N∞/ΞΉN_{\infty}/\iota.

For every ii in Jβˆͺ{0,∞}J\cup\{0,\infty\}, let ρi\rho_{i} be the ray in ℝJ×ℝβ‰₯0\mathbb{R}^{J}\times\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0} spanned by the primitive vector viv_{i}. Consider the cones Οƒ0\sigma_{0} and Οƒβˆž\sigma_{\infty} spanned by the rays ρj\rho_{j}, j∈Jj\in J and by ρ0\rho_{0} and ρ∞\rho_{\infty}, respectively. The intersection of these cones is the common face spanned by the rays ρj\rho_{j}, j∈Jj\in J. Let Ξ£\Sigma be the fan in ℝJ×ℝβ‰₯0\mathbb{R}^{J}\times\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0} with maximal cones Οƒ0\sigma_{0} and Οƒβˆž\sigma_{\infty}. Then Ξ£\Sigma defines a toric kk-variety YY. We consider the toric morphism

Y→𝔸k1=Spec​k​[t]Y\to\mathbb{A}^{1}_{k}=\mathrm{Spec}\,k[t]

associated with the morphism of cocharacter modules

β„€JβŠ•β„€β†¦β„€:(u,v)↦ι⋅v,\mathbb{Z}^{J}\oplus\mathbb{Z}\mapsto\mathbb{Z}\colon(u,v)\mapsto\iota\cdot v,

and we set 𝒴=YΓ—k⁑[t]R\mathscr{Y}=Y\times_{k[t]}R.

The scheme 𝒴\mathscr{Y} is regular because the cones Οƒ0\sigma_{0} and Οƒβˆž\sigma_{\infty} are simple. Moreover, 𝒴k\mathscr{Y}_{k} is a strict normal crossings divisor whose prime components correspond to the rays of Ξ£\Sigma, with multiplicities given by ΞΉ\iota times the last coordinates of the primitive generators of the rays; thus we can write

𝒴k=βˆ‘j∈JNj​Fj+N0​F0+Nβˆžβ€‹F∞.\mathscr{Y}_{k}=\sum_{j\in J}N_{j}F_{j}+N_{0}F_{0}+N_{\infty}F_{\infty}.

Set D=∩j∈JFjD=\cap_{j\in J}F_{j} and write d0,d∞d_{0},\,d_{\infty} for the intersection points of DD with F0F_{0} and F∞F_{\infty}, respectively. By [Fu93, Β§5.1], we have Dβ‹…Fj=βˆ’bjD\cdot F_{j}=-b_{j} for every j∈Jj\in J.

We will now construct an isomorphism of formal RR-schemes

f:𝒳/C^→𝒴/D^.f\colon\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}\to\widehat{\mathscr{Y}_{/D}}.

For every nβ‰₯0n\geq 0, we denote by (𝒳/C)n(\mathscr{X}/C)_{n} the degree nn thickening of CC in 𝒳\mathscr{X}, that is, the closed subscheme of 𝒳\mathscr{X} defined by the (n+1)(n+1)-th power of the defining ideal of CC. Thus (𝒳/C)0=C(\mathscr{X}/C)_{0}=C and, by definition, 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}} is the direct limit of the schemes (𝒳/C)n(\mathscr{X}/C)_{n} in the category of locally topologically ringed spaces. For every j∈Jj\in J, denote by β„’j\mathcal{L}_{j} the line bundle on 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}} induced by π’ͺ𝒳​(βˆ’Ejβˆ’bj​E∞)\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}}(-E_{j}-b_{j}E_{\infty}). Since the restriction of β„’j\mathcal{L}_{j} to Cβ‰…β„™k1C\cong\mathbb{P}^{1}_{k} has degree 00, we can choose a non-zero global section sjs_{j} of β„’j|C\mathcal{L}_{j}|_{C}. The conormal bundle of CC in 𝒳\mathscr{X} is given by

⨁j∈Jπ’ͺC​(βˆ’Ei)\bigoplus_{j\in J}\mathcal{O}_{C}(-E_{i})

which is a direct sum of ample line bundles, by our assumption that the numbers bjb_{j} are all positive. This implies that the degree one cohomology of the conormal line bundle vanishes, so that the maps

H0​((𝒳/C)n+1,β„’j)β†’H0​((𝒳/C)n,β„’j)H^{0}((\mathscr{X}/C)_{n+1},\mathcal{L}_{j})\to H^{0}((\mathscr{X}/C)_{n},\mathcal{L}_{j})

are surjective for all nβ‰₯0n\geq 0. Thus we can lift sjs_{j} to a global section of β„’j\mathcal{L}_{j} on 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}, which we will still denote by sjs_{j}. The same argument produces a nowhere vanishing section s0s_{0} of π’ͺ𝒳​(Eβˆžβˆ’E0)\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}}(E_{\infty}-E_{0}) on 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}; its inverse s∞=1/s0s_{\infty}=1/s_{0} is a nowhere vanishing global section of π’ͺ𝒳​(E0βˆ’E∞)\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}}(E_{0}-E_{\infty}) on 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}.

Consider the open formal subschemes

𝔛0=𝒳/C^βˆ–{c∞},π”›βˆž=𝒳/C^βˆ–{c0},π”œ0=𝒴/D^βˆ–{d∞},π”œβˆž=𝒴/D^βˆ–{d0}\mathfrak{X}_{0}=\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}\setminus\{c_{\infty}\},\ \mathfrak{X}_{\infty}=\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}\setminus\{c_{0}\},\quad\mathfrak{Y}_{0}=\widehat{\mathscr{Y}_{/D}}\setminus\{d_{\infty}\},\ \mathfrak{Y}_{\infty}=\widehat{\mathscr{Y}_{/D}}\setminus\{d_{0}\}

of 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}} and 𝒴/D^\widehat{\mathscr{Y}_{/D}}. Note that sis_{i} is a global equation for EiE_{i} on 𝔛0\mathfrak{X}_{0}, for every i∈Jβˆͺ{0}i\in J\cup\{0\}. Likewise, s∞s_{\infty} defines E∞E_{\infty} on π”›βˆž\mathfrak{X}_{\infty}, and sj​s∞bjs_{j}s^{b_{j}}_{\infty} defines EjE_{j} on π”›βˆž\mathfrak{X}_{\infty}, for every j∈Jj\in J. Moreover, wβ€²=t​s0βˆ’N0β€‹βˆj∈Jsjβˆ’Njw^{\prime}=ts_{0}^{-N_{0}}\prod_{j\in J}s_{j}^{-N_{j}} is an invertible regular function on 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}. Since CC is proper, wβ€²w^{\prime} is constant on CC, and, in particular, it has a ΞΉ\iota-th root; Hensel’s lemma then implies that we can find a regular function ww on 𝒳/C^\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}} such that wβ€²=wΞΉw^{\prime}=w^{\iota}.

Let {v0∨,vjβˆ¨β€‹(j∈J)}\{v_{0}^{\vee},v_{j}^{\vee}\,(j\in J)\} be the dual basis of {v0,vj​(j∈J)}\{v_{0},v_{j}\,(j\in J)\}. Then we have

π”œ0=Spf​R​{Ο‡v0∨}​[[Ο‡vjβˆ¨β€‹(j∈J)]]/(tβˆ’βˆi∈Jβˆͺ{0}Ο‡Ni​vi∨).\mathfrak{Y}_{0}=\mathrm{Spf}\,R\{\chi^{v^{\vee}_{0}}\}[\negthinspace[\chi^{v_{j}^{\vee}}\,(j\in J)]\negthinspace]/(t-\prod_{i\in J\cup\{0\}}\chi^{N_{i}v_{i}^{\vee}}).

Choose integers Ξ±0\alpha_{0} and Ξ±j,j∈J\alpha_{j},\,j\in J such that Ξ±0​N0+βˆ‘j∈JΞ±j​Nj=1\alpha_{0}N_{0}+\sum_{j\in J}\alpha_{j}N_{j}=1. Let f0:𝔛0β†’π”œ0f_{0}\colon\mathfrak{X}_{0}\to\mathfrak{Y}_{0} be the morphism of formal RR-schemes defined by the morphism of topological RR-algebras

π’ͺ⁑(π”œ0)β†’π’ͺ⁑(𝔛0):Ο‡viβˆ¨β†¦wΞ±j​si,Β for all ​i∈Jβˆͺ{0}.\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{Y}_{0})\to\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{X}_{0})\colon\chi^{v^{\vee}_{i}}\mapsto w^{\alpha_{j}}s_{i},\mbox{ for all }i\in J\cup\{0\}.

Let π’₯\mathscr{J} be the largest ideal of definition on π”œ0\mathfrak{Y}_{0}. Then π’₯⁑(π”œ0)\mathscr{J}(\mathfrak{Y}_{0}) is generated by Ο‡vj∨,j∈J\chi^{v_{j}^{\vee}},\,j\in J. The ideal π’₯​π’ͺ𝔛0\mathscr{J}\mathcal{O}_{\mathfrak{X}_{0}} is the largest ideal of definition on 𝔛0\mathfrak{X}_{0}, and its global sections are generated by sj,j∈Js_{j},\,j\in J. In particular, f0f_{0} is adic. The morphism

(f0)red:Cβˆ–{c∞}=(𝔛0)redβ†’(π”œ0)red=Dβˆ–{d∞}(f_{0})_{\mathrm{red}}\colon C\setminus\{c_{\infty}\}=(\mathfrak{X}_{0})_{\mathrm{red}}\to(\mathfrak{Y}_{0})_{\mathrm{red}}=D\setminus\{d_{\infty}\}

is an isomorphism. It follows from [EGA3.1, 4.8.10] that f0f_{0} is a closed immersion; since 𝔛0\mathfrak{X}_{0} and π”œ0\mathfrak{Y}_{0} has the same dimension and π”œ0\mathfrak{Y}_{0} is integral, f0f_{0} is an isomorphism.

Finally, we consider the second pair of affine charts π”›βˆž,π”œβˆž\mathfrak{X}_{\infty},\,\mathfrak{Y}_{\infty}. The lattice vectors {βˆ’v0∨,vj∨+bj​v0βˆ¨β€‹(j∈J)}\{-v_{0}^{\vee},v_{j}^{\vee}+b_{j}v^{\vee}_{0}\,(j\in J)\} form the dual basis of {v∞,vj​(j∈J)}\{v_{\infty},v_{j}\,(j\in J)\}, and

π”œβˆž=Spf​R​{Ο‡βˆ’v0∨}​[[Ο‡vj∨+bj​v0βˆ¨β€‹(j∈J)]]/(tβˆ’βˆi∈Jβˆͺ{0}Ο‡Ni​vi∨).\mathfrak{Y}_{\infty}=\mathrm{Spf}\,R\{\chi^{-v^{\vee}_{0}}\}[\negthinspace[\chi^{v_{j}^{\vee}+b_{j}v^{\vee}_{0}}\,(j\in J)]\negthinspace]/(t-\prod_{i\in J\cup\{0\}}\chi^{N_{i}v_{i}^{\vee}}).

Let f∞:π”›βˆžβ†’π”œβˆžf_{\infty}\colon\mathfrak{X}_{\infty}\to\mathfrak{Y}_{\infty} be the morphism of formal RR-schemes defined by the morphism of topological RR-algebras π’ͺ⁑(π”œ0)β†’π’ͺ⁑(𝔛0)\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{Y}_{0})\to\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{X}_{0}) that maps Ο‡βˆ’v0∨\chi^{-v^{\vee}_{0}} to s∞s_{\infty} and Ο‡vj∨+bj​v0∨\chi^{v_{j}^{\vee}+b_{j}v^{\vee}_{0}} to sj​sβˆžβˆ’bjs_{j}s^{-b_{j}}_{\infty}, for all jj in JJ. By the same reasoning as above, one sees that f∞f_{\infty} is an isomorphism. By construction, it agrees with f0f_{0} on the intersection of 𝔛0\mathfrak{X}_{0} and π”›βˆž\mathfrak{X}_{\infty}, and the isomorphisms f0f_{0} and f∞f_{\infty} glue to an isomorphism of formal RR-schemes

f:𝒳/C^→𝒴/D^.f\colon\widehat{\mathscr{X}_{/C}}\to\widehat{\mathscr{Y}_{/D}}.

∎

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