ScalingStacks

Proof. [02LW]

Original official author HTML, exact retained edition. Historical TeX conversion verdicts remain unchanged. Cited-edition alignment and mathematical self-containment are not assessed.

Complete original source context · Original author HTML

Proof.

By Proposition 3.40(3,4),

A∗​(f)=(H+u0)∗​(f)=H∗​(τ−u0​f),A∗​g=(H+u0)∗​g=τu0​(H∗​g).A^{\ast}(f)=(H+{u_{0}})^{\ast}(f)=H^{\ast}(\tau_{-u_{0}}f),\quad A_{\ast}g=(H+{u_{0}})_{\ast}g=\tau_{u_{0}}(H_{\ast}g).

Then, except for the last assertion, the result follows by combining this with the case when AA is a linear map, treated in [Roc70, Theorem 16.3].

To prove the last assertion of the proposition, we first note that the concave function

(f∨−u0)|(H∨)−1​(y)(f^{\vee}-u_{0})|_{(H^{\vee})^{-1}(y)}

attains its maximum at a point xx if and only if its sup-differential at xx contains 00. We fix a point x0x_{0} in (H∨)−1​(y)(H^{\vee})^{-1}(y) and we consider the affine inclusion

ι:Ker⁡(H∨)↪Mℝ,z↦z+x0.\iota\colon\operatorname{Ker}(H^{\vee})\hookrightarrow M_{\mathbb{R}},\quad z\mapsto z+x_{0}.

We denote by ι∨:Nℝ→Nℝ/im⁡(H)\iota^{\vee}\colon N_{\mathbb{R}}\to N_{\mathbb{R}}/\operatorname{im}(H) the dual of the linear part of ι\iota. Set F=ι∗​(f∨−u0)F=\iota^{*}(f^{\vee}-u_{0}), then for z∈Ker⁡(H∨)z\in\operatorname{Ker}(H^{\vee}), by Proposition 3.45, we have

∂F⁡(z)=ι∨​(∂f∨​(z+x0)−u0)\partial F(z)=\iota^{\vee}(\partial f^{\vee}(z+x_{0})-u_{0})

and so 0∈∂F⁡(z)0\in\partial F(z) if and only if ∂f∨​(z+x0)∩im⁡(A)≠∅\partial f^{\vee}(z+x_{0})\cap\operatorname{im}(A)\not=\emptyset. Hence x=z+x0x=z+x_{0} realizes the maximum if and only if x∈∂f⁡(A​v)x\in\partial f(Av) for some v∈Qℝv\in Q_{\mathbb{R}} such that y∈∂(A∗​f)​(v)y\in\partial(A^{*}f)(v), as stated. ∎

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source-backed reader collection; mathematical self-containment is not assessed.