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5.2 Higher regularity in the generic region

Once we know the subsequential limit u∞u_{\infty} satisfies the real MA equation, then by the local regularity theory surveyed in section 2.6,

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Corollary 5.4. (Regularity of real MA solution) Inside ∂Δλ∨∖S​i​n​g\partial\Delta_{\lambda}^{\vee}\setminus Sing, let ℛ\mathcal{R} be the set of strictly convex points of u∞u_{\infty}, then u∞∈Cl​o​c∞​(ℛ)u_{\infty}\in C^{\infty}_{loc}(\mathcal{R}), and the complement of ℛ\mathcal{R} is a closed subset of Hausdorff (n−1)(n-1)-measure zero. In particular ℛ\mathcal{R} is path connected, and is open and dense in ∂Δλ∨∖S​i​n​g\partial\Delta_{\lambda}^{\vee}\setminus Sing.

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Remark 5.5. In dimension 2, the local regularity theory implies that ℛ=∂Δλ∨∖S​i​n​g\mathcal{R}=\partial\Delta_{\lambda}^{\vee}\setminus Sing, namely the real MA solution is smooth wherever the affine structure is defined. The same might hold in any higher dimension, although this cannot be concluded by local regularity results alone (cf. Remark 2.15).

We now proceed to a very explicit coordinate version of higher order estimates for the local CY potentials, by transferring regularity from the real MA equation to the complex MA equation.

Let x∈ℛx\in\mathcal{R}, then u∞u_{\infty} (resp. the appropriate OPENu∞,m)u_{\infty,m}) has Ck,γC^{k,\gamma}-bound on some coordinate ball B⁡(x,2​r​(x))⊂ℛB(x,2r(x))\subset\mathcal{R} contained in a shrinked face (resp. Star​(w)\text{Star}(w)). For clarity we focus on the face case. The radius r⁡(x)r(x) and the Ck,γC^{k,\gamma}-bound depend on the choice of xx, but are uniform for xx in any fixed compact subset of ℛ\mathcal{R}. We identify u∞u_{\infty} with its pullback to (s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,r⁡(x)))⊂Uws,f​a​c​e⊂Xs(s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,r(x)))\subset U^{s,face}_{w}\subset X_{s}.

The local CY potential φC​Y,s,0\varphi_{CY,s,0} on (s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,2​r​(x)))(s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,2r(x))) satisfies

‖φC​Y,s,0−u∞∘s−1​Log‖C0→0,s→∞\left\lVert\varphi_{CY,s,0}-u_{\infty}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log}\right\rVert_{C^{0}}\to 0,\quad s\to\infty

along the subsequence. We may regard (s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,2​r​(x)))(s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,2r(x))) as an open subset of (ℂ∗)n(\mathbb{C}^{*})^{n}. On the universal cover of (ℂ∗)n(\mathbb{C}^{*})^{n}, we use the natural coordinates s−1​log⁡zmis^{-1}\log z^{m_{i}} for i=1,…​ni=1,\ldots n.

Now φC​Y,s,0\varphi_{CY,s,0} satisfies the complex MA equation (cf. (20)(14))

(−1​∂∂¯​φC​Y,s,0)n=as​s−n​d​μs=as(4​π​s2)n​−1n2​Ωs∧Ωs¯.(\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}\varphi_{CY,s,0})^{n}=a_{s}s^{-n}d\mu_{s}=\frac{a_{s}}{(4\pi s^{2})^{n}}\sqrt{-1}^{n^{2}}\Omega_{s}\wedge\overline{\Omega_{s}}.

By the holomorphic volume form formula (12),

(−1​∂∂¯​φC​Y,s,0)n=as(4​π)n​(1+o⁡(1))​∏i−1​s−1​d​log⁡zmi∧s−1​d​log⁡zmi¯,(\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}\varphi_{CY,s,0})^{n}=\frac{a_{s}}{(4\pi)^{n}}(1+o(1))\prod_{i}\sqrt{-1}s^{-1}d\log z^{m_{i}}\wedge s^{-1}d\overline{\log z^{m_{i}}},

where the o⁡(1)o(1) term in fact has exponentially small C∞C^{\infty} bounds in s−1​log⁡zmis^{-1}\log z^{m_{i}} coordinates; the higher order bound uses that Ωs\Omega_{s} is holomorphic. On the other hand by the calculation in section 5.1, the pullback of u∞u_{\infty} satisfies

(−1​∂∂¯​(u∞∘s−1​Log))n=a∞(4​π)n​∏is−1​−1​d​log⁡zmi∧s−1​d​log⁡zmi¯.(\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}(u_{\infty}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log}))^{n}=\frac{a_{\infty}}{(4\pi)^{n}}\prod_{i}s^{-1}\sqrt{-1}d\log z^{m_{i}}\wedge s^{-1}d\overline{\log z^{m_{i}}}.

To summarize, the deviation of RHS is negligible and the deviation between φC​Y,s,0\varphi_{CY,s,0} and u∞∘s−1​Logu_{\infty}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log} is small in C0C^{0}-norm. Applying Savin’s Thm. 2.14,

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Theorem 5.6. (Smooth convergence in generic regions) As s→+∞s\to+\infty along the subsequence, assume the coordinate ball B⁡(x,2​r​(x))⊂ℛB(x,2r(x))\subset\mathcal{R}, then on the region (s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,r⁡(x)))⊂Xs(s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,r(x)))\subset X_{s}, we have the following higher regularity estimates with respect to the Ck,γC^{k,\gamma}-norm in the s−1​log⁡zmis^{-1}\log z^{m_{i}} coordinates.

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    In the face type region Uws,f​a​c​eU_{w}^{s,face} case

    ‖φC​Y,s,0−u∞∘s−1​Log‖Ck,γ​((s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,r⁡(x)))CLOSE→0.\left\lVert\varphi_{CY,s,0}-u_{\infty}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log}\right\rVert_{C^{k,\gamma}((s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,r(x)))}\to 0.
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    In the star type region Uws,∗U_{w}^{s,*} case, for ⟨m,w⟩=1\langle m,w\rangle=1,

    ‖φC​Y,s,m−u∞,m∘s−1​Log‖Ck,γ​((s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,r⁡(x)))CLOSE→0.\left\lVert\varphi_{CY,s,m}-u_{\infty,m}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log}\right\rVert_{C^{k,\gamma}((s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,r(x)))}\to 0.

The convergence rate is uniform for xx on any fixed compact subset of ℛ\mathcal{R}.

The intuition is that in the generic regular locus in the toric part of XsX_{s}, the local CY potentials converge in some Cl​o​c∞C^{\infty}_{loc} sense.

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Notation. For every compact K⊂ℛK\subset\mathcal{R}, let Us,KU_{s,K} denote the union of the regions (s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,r⁡(x)))(s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,r(x))) for x∈Kx\in K; the convergence rates will be uniform on Us,KU_{s,K}. Notice that

lim sups→∞Vol​(Us,K)Vol​(Xs)≥∫Kd​μ∞∫∂Δλ∨d​μ∞,\limsup_{s\to\infty}\frac{\text{Vol}(U_{s,K})}{\text{Vol}(X_{s})}\geq\frac{\int_{K}d\mu_{\infty}}{\int_{\partial\Delta_{\lambda}^{\vee}}d\mu_{\infty}},

so by taking a compact exhaustion of ℛ\mathcal{R}, we may assume Us,KU_{s,K} occupies a percentage of the total measure arbitrarily close to 1.

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Remark 5.7. If one can show that the limiting real MA metric is unique, then there will be no need to pass to a subsequence.

Next we discuss CY metrics in (s−1​Log)−1​(B⁡(x,r⁡(x)))⊂Us,K(s^{-1}\text{Log})^{-1}(B(x,r(x)))\subset U_{s,K}.

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    In the face type region case, up to C∞C^{\infty}-small error in the s−1​log⁡zmis^{-1}\log z^{m_{i}} coordinates,

    ωC​Y,s=−1​∂∂¯​φC​Y,s,0≈−1​∂∂¯​u∞∘s−1​Log=14​∂2u∞∂xmi​∂xmj​−1​s−1​d​log⁡zmi∧s−1​d​log⁡zmj¯,\begin{split}&\omega_{CY,s}=\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}\varphi_{CY,s,0}\\ \approx&\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}u_{\infty}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log}=\frac{1}{4}\frac{\partial^{2}u_{\infty}}{\partial x^{m_{i}}\partial x^{m_{j}}}\sqrt{-1}s^{-1}d\log z^{m_{i}}\wedge s^{-1}d\overline{\log z^{m_{j}}},\end{split}

    hence the CY metrics gC​Y,sg_{CY,s} is up to C∞C^{\infty}-small error

    gC​Y,s≈Re​{12​∂2u∞∂xmi​∂xmj​s−1​d​log⁡zmi⊗s−1​d​log⁡zmj¯}.g_{CY,s}\approx\text{Re}\{\frac{1}{2}\frac{\partial^{2}u_{\infty}}{\partial x^{m_{i}}\partial x^{m_{j}}}s^{-1}d\log z^{m_{i}}\otimes s^{-1}d\overline{\log z^{m_{j}}}\}. (32)
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    Likewise in the star type region case, up to C∞C^{\infty} small error in the s−1​log⁡zmis^{-1}\log z^{m_{i}} coordinates,

    {ωC​Y,s≈14​∂2u∞,m∂xmi​∂xmj​−1​s−1​d​log⁡zmi∧s−1​d​log⁡zmj¯,gC​Y,s≈Re​{12​∂2u∞,m∂xmi​∂xmj​s−1​d​log⁡zmi⊗s−1​d​log⁡zmj¯}.\begin{cases}\omega_{CY,s}\approx\frac{1}{4}\frac{\partial^{2}u_{\infty,m}}{\partial x^{m_{i}}\partial x^{m_{j}}}\sqrt{-1}s^{-1}d\log z^{m_{i}}\wedge s^{-1}d\overline{\log z^{m_{j}}},\\ g_{CY,s}\approx\text{Re}\{\frac{1}{2}\frac{\partial^{2}u_{\infty,m}}{\partial x^{m_{i}}\partial x^{m_{j}}}s^{-1}d\log z^{m_{i}}\otimes s^{-1}d\overline{\log z^{m_{j}}}\}.\end{cases} (33)

Notice in such local (ℂ∗)n(\mathbb{C}^{*})^{n} coordinates, the rescaled log map s−1​Logs^{-1}\text{Log} gives a local TnT^{n}-fibration. The metric associated to −1​∂∂¯​(u∞∘s−1​Log)\sqrt{-1}\partial\bar{\partial}(u_{\infty}\circ s^{-1}\text{Log}) is a semiflat metric, namely a TnT^{n}-invariant metric which is flat when restricted to any TnT^{n}-fibre. Thus (32)(33) assert that the Calabi-Yau metrics gC​Y,sg_{CY,s} are C∞C^{\infty}-approximated by semiflat metrics in the regular regions.

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Corollary 5.8. On Us,K⊂XsU_{s,K}\subset X_{s} the sectional curvature has a uniform bound |Riem​(gC​Y,s)|≤C|\text{Riem}(g_{CY,s})|\leq C, and the injectivity radius satisfies C−1​s−1≤inj≤C​s−1C^{-1}s^{-1}\leq\text{inj}\leq Cs^{-1}, with constants depending on K⊂ℛK\subset\mathcal{R}.

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