Original official author HTML, exact retained edition. Historical TeX conversion verdicts remain unchanged. Cited-edition alignment and mathematical self-containment are not assessed.
Complete original source context · Original author HTML
Proof.
Let be fixed. The essential task is to understand the asymptotic behaviour of as becomes large. We focus on .
Using the homogeneity property of in the and variables, it is easy to see from the integral definition of that
|
|
|
By elementary properties of arctan
|
|
|
|
|
|
and similarly
|
|
|
After integration
|
|
|
This shows the series
|
|
|
is absolutely convergent if , and if morever then we have the bound
|
|
|
Thus the convergence of the series is equivalent to the convergence of
|
|
|
and similarly for and .
The periodicity claim follows from standard rearranging theorems for series. The estimate on follows by combining the above discussions.
∎