ScalingStacks

Proof. [0409]

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Proof.

To see the main ideas, let us focus on η=0\eta=0 and let μ1,μ2→0\mu_{1},\mu_{2}\to 0. By construction d​log⁡|z1|=V(1)1​j​d​μj+Re​(β1​d​η).d\log|z_{1}|=V^{1j}_{(1)}d\mu_{j}+\text{Re}(\beta_{1}d\eta). Restricted to η=0\eta=0,

d​log⁡|z1|=(a11+v11)​d​μ1+(a11+v12)​d​μ2=d⁡(a11​μ1+a12​μ2)+α1​d​μ1+α3​d​(μ1−μ2),d\log|z_{1}|=(a_{11}+v^{11})d\mu_{1}+(a_{11}+v^{12})d\mu_{2}=d(a_{11}\mu_{1}+a_{12}\mu_{2})+\alpha_{1}d\mu_{1}+\alpha_{3}d(\mu_{1}-\mu_{2}),

hence

|z1|=const⋅ea11​μ1+a12​μ2​exp⁡(∫(μ1,μ2)α1​d​μ1+α3​d​(μ1−μ2)).|z_{1}|=\text{const}\cdot e^{a_{11}\mu_{1}+a_{12}\mu_{2}}\exp\left(\int^{(\mu_{1},\mu_{2})}\alpha_{1}d\mu_{1}+\alpha_{3}d(\mu_{1}-\mu_{2})\right).

We need to show |z1|→0|z_{1}|\to 0 as μ1,μ2→0\mu_{1},\mu_{2}\to 0, namely ∫α1​d​μ1+α3​d​(μ1−μ2)→−∞.\int\alpha_{1}d\mu_{1}+\alpha_{3}d(\mu_{1}-\mu_{2})\to-\infty. Now because α1,α3\alpha_{1},\alpha_{3} are positive, this integral viewed as a function of μ1\mu_{1} and μ1−μ2\mu_{1}-\mu_{2} is an increasing functions of both variables, so it suffices to show this integral decreases to −∞-\infty as (μ1,μ2)→0(\mu_{1},\mu_{2})\to 0 along the ray 𝔇2\mathfrak{D}_{2}:

∫α1​d​μ1+α3​d​(μ1−μ2)=log⁡|μ1|​{12+12​π​arctan⁡(a12A)+12​π​arctan⁡(−a11−a12A)}=log⁡|μ1|​{14+12​π​arctan⁡(a12+a22A)}→−∞,\begin{split}\int\alpha_{1}d\mu_{1}+\alpha_{3}d(\mu_{1}-\mu_{2})=&\log|\mu_{1}|\{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2\pi}\arctan(\frac{a_{12}}{\sqrt{A}})+\frac{1}{2\pi}\arctan(\frac{-a_{11}-a_{12}}{\sqrt{A}})\}\\ =&\log|\mu_{1}|\{\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2\pi}\arctan(\frac{a_{12}+a_{22}}{\sqrt{A}})\}\to-\infty,\end{split}

where the first equality uses that the arctan functions are constant on the ray 𝔇2\mathfrak{D}_{2}, and the second equality is an elementary trignometric identity.

In the more general case of η≠0\eta\neq 0 the arctan\arctan factor would no longer be exactly constant, but one can still make |z1||z_{1}| arbitrarily small for sufficiently small |η|,μ1,μ2|\eta|,\mu_{1},\mu_{2}. The cases of z0z_{0} and z2z_{2} are completely analogous. ∎

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