To see the main ideas, let us focus on and let . By construction
Restricted to ,
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hence
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We need to show as , namely
Now because are positive, this integral viewed as a function of and is an increasing functions of both variables, so it suffices to show
this integral decreases to as along the ray :
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where the first equality uses that the arctan functions are constant on the ray , and the second equality is an elementary trignometric identity.
In the more general case of
the factor would no longer be exactly constant, but one can still make arbitrarily small for sufficiently small . The cases of and are completely analogous.
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