ScalingStacks

Example 3.9 (A variation) . [04IA]

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Example 3.9 (A variation).

In the previous example the discriminant locus Δ\Delta was a straight line. We can slightly perturb Δ\Delta so that it becomes a smooth curve. More precisely, let B=ℝ2×IB=\mathbb{R}^{2}\times I as before and consider a smooth function τ:I→ℝ\tau:I\rightarrow\mathbb{R}. Let

Δτ={(τ⁡(s),0,s),s∈I}⊂B\Delta_{\tau}=\{(\tau(s),0,s),s\in I\}\subset B

and define a covering {Ui}\{U_{i}\} of B0=B−ΔτB_{0}=B-\Delta_{\tau} to be

U1=(ℝ2×I)−{(x1,0,s)|x1≥τ⁡(s)},U_{1}=(\mathbb{R}^{2}\times I)-\{(x_{1},0,s)\ |\ x_{1}\geq\tau(s)\},
U2=(ℝ2×I)−{(x1,0,s)|x1≤τ⁡(s)}.U_{2}=(\mathbb{R}^{2}\times I)-\{(x_{1},0,s)\ |\ x_{1}\leq\tau(s)\}.

Now let H+={x2>0}H^{+}=\{x_{2}>0\} and H−={x2<0}H^{-}=\{x_{2}<0\}. Take the following matrix

T=(100110001)T=\left(\begin{array}[]{ccc}1&0&0\\ 1&1&0\\ 0&0&1\end{array}\right)

and define maps ϕj\phi_{j} on UjU_{j} to be

ϕ1\displaystyle\phi_{1} =\displaystyle= Id\displaystyle\mathrm{Id}
ϕ2\displaystyle\phi_{2} =\displaystyle= {Idon​H¯+∩U2,(T−1)ton​H−.\displaystyle\left\{\begin{array}[]{ll}\mathrm{Id}&\text{on}\ \bar{H}^{+}\cap U_{2},\\ (T^{-1})^{t}&\text{on}\ H^{-}.\end{array}\right.

Clearly 𝒜={Ui,ϕi}i=1,2\mathscr{A}=\{U_{i},\phi_{i}\}_{i=1,2} defines an affine structure on B0=B−ΔτB_{0}=B-\Delta_{\tau}. When τ=0\tau=0, this example coincides with the previous one. Notice that the curve (τ⁡(s),0,s)(\tau(s),0,s) is contained inside the 22-plane {x2=0}\{x_{2}=0\}, which can be viewed as an integral surface of the distribution spanned by the vectors in T​B0TB_{0} which are invariant with respect to the holonomy representation ρ\rho on T​B0TB_{0}. Two different curves give non-isomorphic singular affine structures, unless the curves can be taken one into the other via an integral affine transformation.

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