Example 2.8 (Negative fibration) . [04HS]
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Example 2.8 (Negative fibration).
This example is one of the two models over a neighborhood of a point in –in [7] this is called fibration. Let with homeomorphic to a 3-ball. Let be a cone over three distinct, non-collinear points. We write where is the vertex of and the are the legs of . Fix a basis , for . Define to be a pair of pants lying over such that for , is a leg of which is the cylinder generated by , and respectively. These legs are glued together along a nodal curve or ‘figure eight’ lying over . Now consider an -bundle with Chern class . This bundle compactifies to . Now consider the projection map . The composition is a proper map. The generic fibre of is a 3-torus. For the fibre is singular along , which is a circle when , or the aforementioned figure eight when . Thus the fibres over are homeomorphic to , whereas the central fibre, , is singular along a nodal curve. A regular fibre can be regarded as the total space of an -bundle over . We can take as a basis of , , where and are the 1-cycles in as before and is a fibre of the -bundle. The cycle vanishes as . In this basis, the matrices generating the monodromy group corresponding to loops about with , (cf. Figure 3) are
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