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4.2 Asymptotic expansion near D 1 [023G]

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4.2 Asymptotic expansion near D1D_{1}

We now translate the ODE asymptote at t→0t\to 0 to the geometry of the region 1≪x2≪x11\ll x_{2}\ll x_{1}. The analyticity of the ODE solution (cf. Cor. 3.5) gives a fractional power series expansion (19), which converts via (13) to

w⁡(t)=(1−t)​{w0+n−1n​w0−3n−1​(t1−t)nn−1+O⁡((t1−t)2​nn−1)}.w(t)=(1-t)\{w_{0}+\frac{n-1}{n}w_{0}^{-\frac{3}{n-1}}(\frac{t}{1-t})^{\frac{n}{n-1}}+O((\frac{t}{1-t})^{\frac{2n}{n-1}})\}.

Now

w=n+2n​vn/(n+2),v0=(n​w0n+2)n+2n,a=(nn+2)2/n​w0−n+2n⁡(n−1),w=\frac{n+2}{n}v^{n/(n+2)},\quad v_{0}=(\frac{nw_{0}}{n+2})^{\frac{n+2}{n}},\quad a=(\frac{n}{n+2})^{2/n}w_{0}^{-\frac{n+2}{n(n-1)}},

hence we have a fractional power series

v⁡(t)=(1−t)n+2n​{v0+n−1n​a​(t1−t)nn−1+∑k=2∞ak​(t1−t)k​nn−1}.\begin{split}v(t)=(1-t)^{\frac{n+2}{n}}\{v_{0}+\frac{n-1}{n}a(\frac{t}{1-t})^{\frac{n}{n-1}}+\sum_{k=2}^{\infty}a_{k}(\frac{t}{1-t})^{\frac{kn}{n-1}}\}.\end{split}

Recall

x2=t​d2d1​x1,u=x1n+2n​v​(t).x_{2}=\frac{td_{2}}{d_{1}}x_{1},\quad u=x_{1}^{\frac{n+2}{n}}v(t).

We introduce the new variable

x~1:=x1−d1d2​x2=(1−t)​x1=d1d2​1−tt​x2.\tilde{x}_{1}:=x_{1}-\frac{d_{1}}{d_{2}}x_{2}=(1-t)x_{1}=\frac{d_{1}}{d_{2}}\frac{1-t}{t}x_{2}.

In terms of the defining sections Si∈H0​(X¯,di​L0)S_{i}\in H^{0}(\bar{X},d_{i}L_{0}) for D1,D2D_{1},D_{2}, we have

x~1=−log⁡|S1|+d1d2​log⁡|S2|=1d2​log⁡|S1⊗d1/S1⊗d2|,\tilde{x}_{1}=-\log|S_{1}|+\frac{d_{1}}{d_{2}}\log|S_{2}|=\frac{1}{d_{2}}\log|S_{1}^{\otimes d_{1}}/S_{1}^{\otimes d_{2}}|,

where

ξ′:=S2⊗d1/S1⊗d2\xi^{\prime}:=S_{2}^{\otimes d_{1}}/S_{1}^{\otimes d_{2}}

is actually a holomorphic function, which means its magnitude does not involve the choice of a Hermitian metric. The geometric significance of this function is that although the normal bundle 𝒪⁡(D1)=d1​L0\mathcal{O}(D_{1})=d_{1}L_{0} of D1⊂X¯D_{1}\subset\bar{X} is nontrivial, it restricts to a line bundle on D1∖D2D_{1}\setminus D_{2} which becomes trivial after taking finite power.

We then have an expansion for 1≪x2≪x11\ll x_{2}\ll x_{1},

u=v0​x~1n+2n+n−1n​a​x~1n+2n−nn−1​(d1​x2d2)nn−1+∑k≥2ak​x~1n+2n−k​nn−1​(d1​x2d2)k​nn−1.u=v_{0}\tilde{x}_{1}^{\frac{n+2}{n}}+\frac{n-1}{n}a\tilde{x}_{1}^{\frac{n+2}{n}-\frac{n}{n-1}}(\frac{d_{1}x_{2}}{d_{2}})^{\frac{n}{n-1}}+\sum_{k\geq 2}a_{k}\tilde{x}_{1}^{\frac{n+2}{n}-\frac{kn}{n-1}}(\frac{d_{1}x_{2}}{d_{2}})^{\frac{kn}{n-1}}. (29)

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