4.3 More background on the Tian-Yau metric [023H]
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4.3 More background on the Tian-Yau metric
We recall some details of the Tian-Yau metric (cf. [11, section 3] for more expositions).
In our setup, is a Fano manifold in its own right with anticanonical bundle , and is an anticanonical divisor defined by some section , which in our context is the restriction of to . Up to a multiplicative constant can be viewed as a holomorphic volume form on with a simple pole along , which we normalize to have residue along . In local coordinates,
where is a local defining function of . Recall is the Hermitian metric on whose curvature form is the Calabi-Yau metric on in the class . We extend to a smooth, positively curved metric on , so that
defines a Kähler form on a neighbourhood of infinity in . Up to an approximately holomorphic diffeomorphism, the metric on outside a compact set, agrees with the Calabi ansatz on the total space of the line bundle , up to exponentially small errors. The slightly unusual exponent is because . Asymptotically, the distance to a fixed basepoint in is uniformly equivalent to We can arrange to extend to an exact global Kähler metric on , agreeing with the previous formula outside a compact set, still denoted .
A technical subtlety is that is only defined up to a multiplicative constant, and correspondingly has an additive constant ambiguity, which is fixed by the integral normalization condition
| (30) |
This makes sense because the integrand has exponential decay near infinity, and morever Stokes theorem on large compact sets shows that the integral only depends on the asymptotic information of near infinity. The preferred normalization of resolves the additive ambiguity of ; a completely analogous normalization on the Tian-Yau space fixes the additive ambiguity of .
The main existence theorem and asymptotic information of the Tian-Yau metric is summarized as follows:
Theorem 4.2.
The volume growth rate of geodesic balls on the Tian-Yau space is , which is less than quadratic. As such, solving the Poisson equation with potential decaying at infinity would require an integral normalization on the forcing term, which is related to (30) as the Poisson equation is the linearization of the complex Monge-Ampère equation.
Proposition 4.3.
Let be a smooth function on the Tian-Yau space satisfying the integral normalization and the fast decay
then there is a smooth function with with fast decay
where the decay rate may be shrinked.
Remark 4.4.
To solve the Poisson equation without the integral normalization condition on the forcing term, we need to allow solutions growing at infinity. Consider the special function defined near infinity, which we extend smoothly to a global function on the Tian-Yau space .
Lemma 4.5.
The function satisfies the fast decay near infinity
and the total integral
Proof.
The exponential type decay is because the deviation between the Tian-Yau metric and the Calabi ansatz is exponentially small, and on the Calabi ansatz model is precisely harmonic. This is the intimately connected to the freedom to add a constant to in the Calabi ansatz, without affecting the complex Monge-Ampère measure.
To evaluate , we take a very large compact set , and consider the limit. We have up to exponentially suppressed errors
Computing in the Calabi ansatz model, this is
which is
Taking the gives the total integral. ∎
Corollary 4.6.
Let be a smooth function on the Tian-Yau space satisfying the fast decay
then there is a smooth function with in the form
for some possibly shrinked .