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4.1 Generic region near infinity [023E]

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4.1 Generic region near infinity

We start from the solution w⁡(t)w(t) of the ODE (12) with the matching condition w′​(1)=12​w​(1)w^{\prime}(1)=\frac{1}{2}w(1), which guarantees the existence of the solution for 0<t<+∞0<t<+\infty. As discussed in section 3, this specifies the parameter choices in (11)

w0=(12)n+1n+2​(n(n−1))1n+2​(1π​Γ⁡(12−1n)Γ⁡(1−1n))nn+2,b1=w0−3n−1.w_{0}=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{n+1}{n+2}}\left(\frac{n}{(n-1)}\right)^{\frac{1}{n+2}}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\pi}}\frac{\Gamma(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{n})}{\Gamma(1-\frac{1}{n})}\right)^{\frac{n}{n+2}},\quad b_{1}=w_{0}^{-\frac{3}{n-1}}.

The boundary behaviour near t→0t\to 0 is prescribed by (11). The t→+∞t\to+\infty boundary is determined from w⁡(t)=t​w​(1/t)w(t)=tw(1/t). Since the geometry of the t→+∞t\to+\infty limit is essentially identical to t→0t\to 0, we will later only focus on t→0t\to 0.

Reversing the previous ODE reductions, let

v⁡(t)=(n​wn+2)n+2n,u⁡(x1,x2)=x1n+2n​v​(t),t=d1​x2d2​x1.v(t)=(\frac{nw}{n+2})^{\frac{n+2}{n}},\quad u(x_{1},x_{2})=x_{1}^{\frac{n+2}{n}}v(t),\quad t=\frac{d_{1}x_{2}}{d_{2}x_{1}}.

Then after restoring a few unpleasant constants

(v​v′′−2n+2​v′2)​(n+2n​v+(1−t)​v′)n−2=1n−1​(nn+2)3,(vv^{\prime\prime}-\frac{2}{n+2}v^{\prime 2})(\frac{n+2}{n}v+(1-t)v^{\prime})^{n-2}=\frac{1}{n-1}(\frac{n}{n+2})^{3},
det(D2​u)​(d1​∂u∂x1+d2​∂u∂x2)n−2=2​n(n+2)2​(n−1)​(d1d2)2​d1n−2.\det(D^{2}u)(d_{1}\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{1}}+d_{2}\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{2}})^{n-2}=\frac{2n}{(n+2)^{2}(n-1)}(\frac{d_{1}}{d_{2}})^{2}d_{1}^{n-2}.

In the asymptotic formula (9) for vv at t→0t\to 0, we can recover the constants

v0=(n​w0n+2)n+2n,a=b1​v02n+2=(nn+2)2/n​w0−n+2n⁡(n−1).v_{0}=(\frac{nw_{0}}{n+2})^{\frac{n+2}{n}},\quad a=b_{1}v_{0}^{\frac{2}{n+2}}=(\frac{n}{n+2})^{2/n}w_{0}^{-\frac{n+2}{n(n-1)}}. (24)

Let S1∈H0​(X¯,d1​L0)S_{1}\in H^{0}(\bar{X},d_{1}L_{0}) (resp. S2∈H0​(X¯,d2​L0)S_{2}\in H^{0}(\bar{X},d_{2}L_{0})) be the defining section of D1⊂X¯D_{1}\subset\bar{X} (resp. D2D_{2}). Recall hL0h_{L_{0}} is the Hermitian metric on the line bundle L0L_{0} over YY, whose curvature form is the Calabi-Yau metric on YY in the class c1​(L0)c_{1}(L_{0}). We extend hL0h_{L_{0}} smoothly over X¯\bar{X}. This induces Hermitian metrics on d1​L0d_{1}L_{0} and d2​L0d_{2}L_{0}, and in particular we can make sense of xi=−log⁡|Si|.x_{i}=-\log|S_{i}|. A technical subtlety is that S1,S2S_{1},S_{2} have the ambiguity of a multiplicative constant, which corresponds to the ambiguity of additive constants on x1,x2x_{1},x_{2} of order O⁡(1)O(1), to be fixed in section 4.3. Very large x1,x2x_{1},x_{2} corresponds to the generic region near infinity on the noncompact manifold XX. The function u⁡(x1,x2)u(x_{1},x_{2}) can be regarded as a Kähler potential on the tubular neighbourhood of YY (with YY deleted). Up to exponentially small error in the x1,x2x_{1},x_{2} variables, the Kähler metric is modelled on the generalized Calabi ansatz.

The normal bundle of Y=D1∩D2⊂X¯Y=D_{1}\cap D_{2}\subset\bar{X} is 𝒪⁡(D1)⊕𝒪⁡(D2)|Y=d1​L0⊕d2​L0|Y\mathcal{O}(D_{1})\oplus\mathcal{O}(D_{2})|_{Y}=d_{1}L_{0}\oplus d_{2}L_{0}|_{Y}. Using an auxiliary smooth Hermitian metric on X¯\bar{X}, we can identify this normal bundle with a tubular neighbourhood of Y⊂X¯Y\subset\bar{X} (eg. via normal geodesic flow). The choices of the identifications only produce errors which are exponentially small in the logarithmic variables, which will be negligible since the distance scales of the ansatz metric have power law dependence on the log variables (cf. section 2.6).

Setting up the Hölder norms require a little care, since the injectivity radius of the T2T^{2}-fibres tends to zero in the generic region near infinity. However, for 1≪x2≤x11\ll x_{2}\leq x_{1} (the case of 1≪x1≤x21\ll x_{1}\leq x_{2} being entirely similar), the harmonic radius grows like O⁡(x11/n​t12​(n−1))=O⁡(x11n−12​(n−1)​x212​(n−1))O(x_{1}^{1/n}t^{\frac{1}{2(n-1)}})=O(x_{1}^{\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{2(n-1)}}x_{2}^{\frac{1}{2(n-1)}}). This motivates the weighting function

ρ={(|x1|+1)n−22​n​(n−1)​(|x2|+1)12​(n−1),x2≤x1,(|x2|+1)n−22​n​(n−1)​(|x1|+1)12​(n−1),x1≤x2.\rho=\begin{cases}(|x_{1}|+1)^{\frac{n-2}{2n(n-1)}}(|x_{2}|+1)^{\frac{1}{2(n-1)}},\quad x_{2}\leq x_{1},\\ (|x_{2}|+1)^{\frac{n-2}{2n(n-1)}}(|x_{1}|+1)^{\frac{1}{2(n-1)}},\quad x_{1}\leq x_{2}.\end{cases} (25)

We shall only use ρ\rho up to a uniform equivalence constant; no derivative control on ρ\rho is required. Each YY-fibre is covered by O⁡(1)O(1) number of charts each of length scale O⁡(ρ)O(\rho), such that the T2T^{2}-bundle is trivialized over the charts. Given a tensor field TT on an O⁡(ρ)O(\rho) neighbourhood inside XX, we can pass to the local universal cover of the charts by unwrapping the T2T^{2} factors. The local Hölder seminorm is

[T]α:=supd​i​s​t​(P,Q)≲ρρα​|T⁡(P)−T⁡(Q)||P−Q|α,[T]_{\alpha}:=\sup_{dist(P,Q)\lesssim\rho}\rho^{\alpha}\frac{|T(P)-T(Q)|}{|P-Q|^{\alpha}}, (26)

using geodesic parallel transport with respect to the generalized Calabi ansatz metric on the local universal cover of the charts. The local Ck,αC^{k,\alpha} norm is

‖T‖k,α,l​o​c:=∑j=0ksupd​i​s​t​(P,Q)≲ρρj​|∇jT|+ρk​[∇kT]α.\left\lVert T\right\rVert_{k,\alpha,loc}:=\sum_{j=0}^{k}\sup_{dist(P,Q)\lesssim\rho}\rho^{j}|\nabla^{j}T|+\rho^{k}[\nabla^{k}T]_{\alpha}. (27)

There is up to constant multiple a natural holomorphic volume form Ω\Omega on X=X¯∖D1∪D2X=\bar{X}\setminus D_{1}\cup D_{2}. We take the normalization such that near Y⊂X¯Y\subset\bar{X} (cf. (3) for the model case)

Ω=(1+fΩ)​∏12d​log⁡ξi∧ΩY,\Omega=(1+f_{\Omega})\prod_{1}^{2}d\log\xi_{i}\wedge\Omega_{Y},

where ξ1,ξ2\xi_{1},\xi_{2} are local defining functions of the smooth divisors D1,D2D_{1},D_{2}, and fΩf_{\Omega} is a local holomorphic function near YY, of order O⁡(|ξ1|+|ξ2|)O(|\xi_{1}|+|\xi_{2}|), which is exponentially small in the x1,x2x_{1},x_{2} variables. Higher order derivatives of fΩf_{\Omega} are also exponentially small by holomorphicity.

We write

(d​dc​u)n=K0​(1+E​r​r1)​−1n2​Ω∧Ω¯,(dd^{c}u)^{n}=K_{0}(1+Err_{1})\sqrt{-1}^{n^{2}}\Omega\wedge\overline{\Omega}, (28)

where E​r​r1Err_{1} is some error function, and K0K_{0} is the (unfortunately complicated) proportionality constant in the model case of generalized Calabi ansatz

K0=∫Yc1​(L0)n−2(4​π)2​2​n2(n+2)2​(d1d2)2​d1n−2.K_{0}=\frac{\int_{Y}c_{1}(L_{0})^{n-2}}{(4\pi)^{2}}\frac{2n^{2}}{(n+2)^{2}}(\frac{d_{1}}{d_{2}})^{2}d_{1}^{n-2}.

Recall that Lemma 2.1 says the model case is exactly Calabi-Yau.

Lemma 4.1.

(Volume form error) In the generic region min⁡(x1,x2)≫1\min(x_{1},x_{2})\gg 1, we have exponential decay on the local Ck,αC^{k,\alpha} norm of the error function: ‖E​r​r1‖k,α,l​o​c=O⁡(e−c​min⁡(x1,x2))\left\lVert Err_{1}\right\rVert_{k,\alpha,loc}=O(e^{-c\min(x_{1},x_{2})}) for some c>0c>0.

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