ScalingStacks

Subsubsection [04W3]

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(4.1.5) We can say more in the case where Skโก(๐’ณ)\mathrm{Sk}(\mathscr{X}) has maximal dimension, that is, dimension equal to n=dim(XK)n=\dim(X_{K}). First, we need a lemma.

Lemma 4.1.6.

Let (Z,ฮ”=โˆ‘i=1jฮ”i)(Z,\Delta=\sum^{j}_{i=1}\Delta_{i}) be a reduced dโ€‹lโ€‹tdlt-pair over kk such that KZ+ฮ”K_{Z}+\Delta is Cartier. Let DD be a log canonical center and let ฮ”1,โ€ฆ,ฮ”โ„“\Delta_{1},\ldots,\Delta_{\ell} be the irreducible components of ฮ”\Delta that contain DD. Let UU be the maximal open subset of ZZ where ZZ is smooth and ฮ”\Delta is a divisor with strict normal crossings. If we write (KZ+ฮ”)|D=KD+ฮ”D(K_{Z}+\Delta)|_{D}=K_{D}+\Delta_{D}, then ฮ”D\Delta_{D} is equal to the closure of the restriction of โˆ‘i=โ„“+1jฮ”i|U\sum^{j}_{i=\ell+1}\Delta_{i}|_{U} to UโˆฉDU\cap D.

Proof.

We first notice that in the above statement, UU can be replaced by any smaller open set that meets all the log canonical centers: the closure of the restriction of โˆ‘i=โ„“+1jฮ”i|U\sum^{j}_{i=\ell+1}\Delta_{i}|_{U} to UโˆฉDU\cap D will yield the same divisor on DD.

Then by induction, we only need to treat the case where DD is a component of ฮ”\Delta, say ฮ”1\Delta_{1}. If we take a log resolution f:Yโ†’(Z,ฮ”)f:Y\to(Z,\Delta) and let Dโ€ฒ=ฮ”1โ€ฒD^{\prime}=\Delta^{\prime}_{1} be the birational transform of DD, then ฮ”D\Delta_{D} can be computed as follows: if we write fโˆ—โ€‹(KZ+ฮ”)|Dโ€ฒ=KDโ€ฒ+ฮ”Dโ€ฒf^{*}(K_{Z}+\Delta)|_{D^{\prime}}=K_{D^{\prime}}+\Delta_{D^{\prime}} then ฮ”D=(f|Dโ€ฒ)โˆ—โ€‹(ฮ”Dโ€ฒ)\Delta_{D}=(f|_{D^{\prime}})_{*}(\Delta_{D^{\prime}}). In particular, as KZ+ฮ”K_{Z}+\Delta is Cartier, we know that ฮ”D\Delta_{D} is a integral divisor. Since it is effective, and all the components of ฮ”D\Delta_{D} are log canonical centers of (X,ฮ”)(X,\Delta), we see that ฮ”D\Delta_{D} must be equal to the closure of the restriction of โˆ‘i=2jฮ”i|U\sum^{j}_{i=2}\Delta_{i}|_{U}. โˆŽ

Theorem 4.1.7.

Assume that kk is algebraically closed, KXK_{X} is trivial over CC and XX has an sโ€‹nโ€‹csnc-model ๐’ด\mathscr{Y} with reduced special fiber ๐’ดs\mathscr{Y}_{s}. Assume moreover that Skโก(XK)\mathrm{Sk}(X_{K}) is of dimension n=dim(XK)n=\dim(X_{K}). Then Skโก(XK)\mathrm{Sk}(X_{K}) is an nn-dimensional closed pseudo-manifold.

Proof.

By running MMP for ๐’ด\mathscr{Y} over ๐’ž\mathscr{C}, we know that XX has a good minimal dlt model ๐’ณ\mathscr{X} with reduced special fiber (see [Fu11] or [HX13]). Then one sees as in the proof of Theorem 4.1.4 that K๐’ณK_{\mathscr{X}} is trivial over ๐’ž\mathscr{C}. Our assumption on the dimension of Skโก(XK)\mathrm{Sk}(X_{K}) implies that the minimal log canonical centers of (๐’ณ,๐’ณs)(\mathscr{X},\mathscr{X}_{s}) are points. Let DD be a one-dimensional log canonical center, and let DiD_{i} (1โ‰คiโ‰คโ„“1\leq i\leq\ell) be the 0-dimensional log canonical centers contained in DD. From Lemma 4.1.6, we know that

(K๐’ณ+๐’ณs)|D=KD+โˆ‘i=1โ„“Diโˆผ0.(K_{\mathscr{X}}+\mathscr{X}_{s})|_{D}=K_{D}+\sum^{\ell}_{i=1}D_{i}\sim 0.

Thus DD is a rational curve and โ„“=2\ell=2, which means that Skโก(XK)\mathrm{Sk}(X_{K}) is closed. โˆŽ

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