2.2. ϵ -Regularity Theorems [01XW]
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2.2. -Regularity Theorems
A central result of this paper is the -regularity theorem, Theorem 6.1. The original -regularity theorems for Einstein manifolds were given in [A90], [T90] , [BKN89]. They state that if is an Einstein manifold, , with , and if for ,
| (2.6) |
then .
In [CCT02], [Ch2], [CD13], -regularity theorems were proved under the assumption of curvature bounds, , provided is assumed sufficiently close to a ball in a cone which splits off an isometric factor .
On the other hand, the regularity theory of [ChNa13] for Einstein manifolds depends on -regularity theorems which do not assume any curvature bounds. In particular, it follows from the work of [A90] that there exists such that if and if
| (2.7) |
where , then on .
This result can be extended in several directions. In order to state the extension in full generality, we first recall the notion of the harmonic radius:
Definition 2.2.
For , we define the harmonic radius so that if no neighborhood of is a Riemannian manifold. Otherwise we define to be the largest such that there exists a mapping such that:
- (1)
with is a diffeomorphism onto its image.
- (2)
, where are the coordinate functions and is the Laplace Beltrami operator.
- (3)
If is the pullback metric, then
(2.8)
We call a mapping as above a harmonic coordinate system. Harmonic coordinates have an abundance of good properties when it comes to regularity issues; see the book [P] for a nice introduction. In particular, if the Ricci curvature is uniformly bounded then in harmonic coordinates, the metric, has a priori bounds, for all and . If in addition, there is a bound on , then in harmony coordinates, has bounds, for all .
The primary theorem we wish to review in this subsection is the following:
Theorem 2.3 ([A90], [ChCo1]).
There exists such that if satisfies , , and
| (2.9) |
where , then the harmonic radius satisfies
| (2.10) |
If is further assumed to be Einstein, then the regularity scale satisfies .
By the results of the previous subsection, it is possible to find balls satisfying the above constraint off a subset of Hausdorff codimension . Moreover, when combined with the quantitative stratification of [ChNa13], see also Section 7, this -regularity theorem leads to a priori bounds on the curvature. The primary result of the present paper can be viewed as Theorem 6.1, which states that the conclusions of Theorem 2.3 continue to hold if is replaced by .