ScalingStacks

Proof. [03E9]

Original official author HTML, exact retained edition. Historical TeX conversion verdicts remain unchanged. Cited-edition alignment and mathematical self-containment are not assessed.

Complete original source context · Original author HTML

Proof.

According to Proposition 3.2 we can choose ss big enough so that the Logs\mathrm{Log}_{s}-image of every hypersurface Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a) lies in the ϵ\epsilon-neighborhood of UvϵU^{\epsilon}_{v}. Recall from Lemma 3.3 that a small neighborhood of UvϵU^{\epsilon}_{v} lies in the domain Q({0}∣v)λ​(ϵ)Q^{\lambda}_{(\{0\}\mid v)}(\epsilon). Thus we can assume that all hypersurfaces Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a) lie entirely in Logs−1​(Q({0}∣v)λ​(ϵ))\mathrm{Log}_{s}^{-1}(Q^{\lambda}_{(\{0\}\mid v)}(\epsilon)).

Whenever Logs​(x)∈Q({0}∣v)λ​(ϵ)\mathrm{Log}_{s}(x)\in Q^{\lambda}_{(\{0\}\mid v)}(\epsilon), we have

⟨m,log⁡|x|log⁡|s|⟩+λ(m)≤λ(0)−ϵ, for all m≠v,{0}\langle m,\frac{\log|x|}{\log|s|}\rangle+\lambda(m)\leq\lambda(0)-\epsilon,\text{ for all }m\neq v,\{0\}

or, equivalently,

|xm​sλ​(m)|≤|s|−ϵ​|s|λ⁡(0).|x^{m}s^{\lambda}(m)|\leq|s|^{-\epsilon}|s|^{\lambda(0)}.

This means that the values of all monomials xm​sλ⁡(m),m≠v,{0}x^{m}s^{\lambda(m)},\ m\neq v,\{0\}, for x∈Logs−1​(Q({0}∣v)λ​(ϵ))x\in\mathrm{Log}_{s}^{-1}(Q^{\lambda}_{(\{0\}\mid v)}(\epsilon)), are (uniformly) bounded by |s|−ϵ​|s|λ⁡(0)|s|^{-\epsilon}|s|^{\lambda(0)}. Note also, that their log-derivatives are bounded by C​|s|−ϵ​|s|λ⁡(0)C|s|^{-\epsilon}|s|^{\lambda(0)}, some constant C≥0C\geq 0, since

x​∂∂x​(am​sλ⁡(m)​xm)=m⋅am​sλ⁡(m)​xm.x\frac{\partial}{\partial x}(a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m})=m\cdot a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m}.

For any basis {ei}\{e_{i}\} of (ℤd)∗(\mathbb{Z}^{d})^{*}, the functions yi=xeiy_{i}=x^{e_{i}} give affine coordinates on (ℂ\{0})d(\mathbb{C}\backslash\{0\})^{d}. We choose e1=−ve_{1}=-v, multiply the equations of the hypersurfaces in our family Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a) by y1=x−vy_{1}=x^{-v}, and look for critical points:

∂∂y1​(y1​sλ⁡(0)+sλ⁡(v)+y1​∑m≠{0},vam​sλ⁡(m)​xm)=sλ⁡(0)+(1+y1​∂∂y1)​∑m≠{0},vam​sλ⁡(m)​xm=sλ⁡(0)​(1+O⁡(|s|−ϵ))≠0,\frac{\partial}{\partial y_{1}}\bigl(y_{1}s^{\lambda(0)}+s^{\lambda(v)}+y_{1}\sum\limits_{m\neq\{0\},v}a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m}\bigr)\\ =s^{\lambda(0)}+\bigl(1+y_{1}\frac{\partial}{\partial y_{1}}\bigr)\sum\limits_{m\neq\{0\},v}a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m}=s^{\lambda(0)}(1+O(|s|^{-\epsilon}))\neq 0,

for large enough ss. Thus, there are no critical points, hence every member of our family Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a) is smooth.

Finally, note that ⋃q∈Uvϵℱq\bigcup_{q\in U^{\epsilon}_{v}}\mathcal{F}_{q} is in QvλϵQ_{v}^{\lambda^{\epsilon}}, but Lemma 3.6 asserts that the vectors ξ∈𝔛\xi\in\mathfrak{X} in QvλϵQ_{v}^{\lambda^{\epsilon}} satisfy ⟨v,ξ⟩=1\langle v,\xi\rangle=1. Thus, for any point of intersection Hsv​(a)∩Xs​(q)H_{s}^{v}(a)\cap X_{s}(q) the corresponding tangent vector to Xs​(q)X_{s}(q) has the form:

ξ¯=y1​∂∂y1+α2​y2​∂∂y2+⋯+αd​yd​∂∂yd.\bar{\xi}=y_{1}\frac{\partial}{\partial y_{1}}+\alpha_{2}y_{2}\frac{\partial}{\partial y_{2}}+\dots+\alpha_{d}y_{d}\frac{\partial}{\partial y_{d}}.

Differentiating the defining equation for Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a) with respect to ξ¯\bar{\xi} gives:

ξ¯​(y1​sλ⁡(0)+sλ⁡(v)+y1​∑m≠{0},vam​sλ⁡(m)​xm)=y1​sλ⁡(0)​(1+O⁡(|s|−ϵ))+∑i=2dαi​yi​∂∂yi​(y1​∑m≠{0},vam​sλ⁡(m)​xm)=y1​sλ⁡(0)​(1+O⁡(|s|−ϵ))+∑i=2dy1​sλ⁡(0)​O​(|s|−ϵ)=y1​sλ⁡(0)​(1+O⁡(|s|−ϵ))≠0.\bar{\xi}\bigl(y_{1}s^{\lambda(0)}+s^{\lambda(v)}+y_{1}\sum\limits_{m\neq\{0\},v}a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m}\bigr)\\ =y_{1}s^{\lambda(0)}(1+O(|s|^{-\epsilon}))+\sum\limits_{i=2}^{d}\alpha_{i}y_{i}\frac{\partial}{\partial y_{i}}\bigl(y_{1}\sum\limits_{m\neq\{0\},v}a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m}\bigr)\\ =y_{1}s^{\lambda(0)}(1+O(|s|^{-\epsilon}))+\sum\limits_{i=2}^{d}y_{1}s^{\lambda(0)}O(|s|^{-\epsilon})=y_{1}s^{\lambda(0)}(1+O(|s|^{-\epsilon}))\neq 0.

Thus, we can conclude that ξ¯\bar{\xi} is transversal to the tangent planes to Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a), that is Xs​(q)X_{s}(q) is transversal to all Hsv​(a)H_{s}^{v}(a). ∎

Original mathematics by the credited authors. Source-backed reader collection; mathematical self-containment is not assessed.