ScalingStacks

3.1. The family [03DH]

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3.1. The family

We describe the standard construction how to obtain the family of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces from our input data [Bat94]. Recall that λ∈ℤΔ∩(ℤd)∗\lambda\in\mathbb{Z}^{\Delta\cap(\mathbb{Z}^{d})^{*}} and ν∈ℤΔ∨∩ℤd\nu\in\mathbb{Z}^{\Delta^{\vee}\cap\mathbb{Z}^{d}} induce central triangulations {0}∗S\{0\}\ast S of Δ\Delta and {0}∗T\{0\}\ast T of Δ∨\Delta^{\vee}. That is, λ\lambda and ν\nu lie in the interior of the secondary cone of the respective triangulation [GKZ94].

We use λ\lambda to define a (complex) one-parameter family HsaffH_{s}^{\operatorname{af{}f}} of affine hypersurfaces in the complex torus (ℂ\{0})d(\mathbb{C}\backslash\{0\})^{d}, and we use ν\nu in order to compactify the torus and the hypersurfaces in a projective toric variety. The affine hypersurfaces are given by

Hsaff:={x∈(ℂ\{0})d:∑m∈Δ∩(ℤd)∗am​sλ⁡(m)​xm=0}H_{s}^{\operatorname{af{}f}}:=\{x\in(\mathbb{C}\backslash\{0\})^{d}\ :\ \sum_{m\in\Delta\cap(\mathbb{Z}^{d})^{*}}a_{m}s^{\lambda(m)}x^{m}=0\}

The triangulation {0}∗T\{0\}\ast T of Δ∨\Delta^{\vee} induced by the function ν:Δ∨∩ℤ→ℤ\nu:\Delta^{\vee}\cap\mathbb{Z}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z} defines a simplicial subdivision of the normal fan to Δ\Delta, which in turn defines a projective toric variety XΔνX_{\Delta_{\nu}} that contains (ℂ\{0})d(\mathbb{C}\backslash\{0\})^{d} as a dense open subset [Ful93, Oda88, Dan78]. Let HsH_{s} be the closure of HsaffH_{s}^{\operatorname{af{}f}} in XΔνX_{{\Delta_{\nu}}}.

The function ν\nu determines the class of an ample line bundle on XΔνX_{{\Delta_{\nu}}}, hence a Kähler class [ν]∈H2​(XΔν,ℤ)[\nu]\in H^{2}(X_{{\Delta_{\nu}}},\mathbb{Z}). There are several, more or less canonical, ways to define a 𝕋\mathbb{T}-invariant Kähler form on XΔνX_{{\Delta_{\nu}}} in the class [ν][\nu]. One of the possible constructions of a toric variety is via symplectic reduction. In this case XΔνX_{\Delta_{\nu}} inherits the natural symplectic structure (which is, in fact, Kähler) from the standard Kähler form −14​π​∑d​z∧d​z¯\frac{\sqrt{-1}}{4\pi}\sum dz\wedge d\bar{z} on ℂvert⁡(T)\mathbb{C}^{\operatorname{vert}(T)} (cf. [Gui94]). Alternatively, we can use the pullback of the Fubini-Study form ωF​S\omega_{\mathrm{F}S} from a projective embedding of XΔνX_{\Delta_{\nu}}. Though Δν{\Delta_{\nu}} is not necessarily an integral polytope, some kk-multiple of it certainly is. We can use the complete linear system given by k​Δνk{\Delta_{\nu}} to define the embedding i:XΔν↪ℂ​ℙ(k​Δν)∩(ℤd)∗−1.i:X_{\Delta_{\nu}}\hookrightarrow\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{(k{\Delta_{\nu}})\cap(\mathbb{Z}^{d})^{*}-1}. The Kähler form in the class [ν]∈H2​(XΔν,ℤ)[\nu]\in H^{2}(X_{\Delta_{\nu}},\mathbb{Z}) is then given by 1k​i∗​ωF​S\frac{1}{k}i^{*}\omega_{\mathrm{F}S}.

In a sense any such “canonical” form ω0\omega_{0} is unsatisfactory because the metric on HsH_{s} defined by restriction of ω0\omega_{0} to HsH_{s} is too far from being Ricci-flat. In the second part of this paper we will describe a family of forms ωs\omega_{s} on XΔνX_{\Delta_{\nu}}, such that the induced metrics on HsH_{s} approximate the Calabi-Yau metrics as s→∞s\to\infty much better. (See the Outlook section for more details).

Remark.

The toric variety XΔνX_{\Delta_{\nu}} is simplicial but not necessarily smooth, it may have quotient singularities. Then we can understand the Kähler forms in the orbifold sense (cf., e.g., [AGM93]).

According to [GKZ94, Ch. 10], the hypersurfaces given by equations in the form ∑bm​xm=0\sum b_{m}x^{m}=0 are all diffeomorphic to each other (in the orbifold sense) as long as the vector (log⁡|bm|)(\log|b_{m}|) (=λ⋅log⁡|s|+log⁡|a|=\lambda\cdot\log|s|+\log|a| in our case) lies in some parallel translation of the (S∗{0})(S\ast\{0\})-secondary cone. So that the properties of the family related to the smooth structure do not depend on along which ray we approach the large complex structure point (s→∞s\to\infty). Thus, any vector λ\lambda in this secondary cone will determine the diffeomorphic torus fibration. For the same reason we can set the coefficients am=1a_{m}=1 in the defining equation without loss of generality. On the other side, any choice of the Kähler class, as long as it is in the right Kähler cone, also gives rise to the same combinatorics.

The goal of the rest of this section is to exhibit a torus fibration Hssm→Σ\N⁡(D)H_{s}^{\mathrm{sm}}\to\Sigma\backslash N(D) on a “smooth” part of HsH_{s}, for large enough ss, and show that it is the same as our model fibration Wϵ→Σ\N⁡(D)W^{\epsilon}\to\Sigma\backslash N(D).

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