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Proof.
Clearly we may assume that , so that .
We set .
If , then .
Indeed, for , let be an integer such that
. Thus , and hence .
Therefore, is discrete.
Next we assume that .
Then there is a sequence
in such that for all and
.
If we set , then and .
For an open interval of (), we choose and an integer such that
and . Then we have
and
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so that . Thus is dense.
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