6 Currents on algebraic varieties [036X]
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6 Currents on algebraic varieties
In this section, is an algebraically closed field endowed with a non-trivial non-archimedean complete absolute value . We consider an open subset of for an algebraic variety over of dimension . Similarly as in the complex case, we will first define a topology on and then we will define currents as continuous linear functionals on this space. We will see that the Poincaré–Lelong equation holds for a rational function.
6.1
Let be finitely many tropical charts contained in and let be a polytope contained in the open subset of . We consider the space of -forms on with support in such that is given on by a superform for every . Since the tropicalization map is proper (see 4.4), the set is compact. Similarly as in the complex case, we endow with the structure of a locally convex space such that a sequence converges to if and only if all derivatives of the superforms converge uniformly to the derivatives of the superform on . Here, (resp. ) is the superform on which defines (resp. ) on and we mean more precisely the derivatives of the coefficients of (resp. ). It follows easily from Proposition 4.16 that is the union of all spaces with ranging over all possibilities as above.
6.2
A current on an open subset of is a linear functional on such that the restriction of to all subspaces is continuous. The space of currents is a -module denoted by . As usual, we define the differential operators , and on the total space of currents . Using partitions of unity from Proposition 5.10, it is easy to show that the currents form a sheaf on .
Example 6.3
A signed Radon measure on an open subset of induces a current by setting as usual. Since the topology on is finer than the topology induced by the supremum norm, we conclude that is indeed a current on .
Remark 6.4
Let be a proper morphism of algebraic varieties over . Then there is a linear map , where the push-forward of is characterized by
for every . It follows from continuity of the map that is indeed a current on . To define the push-forward, we need the fact that a proper algebraic morphism induces a proper morphism between the analytifications meaning that the preimage of a compact subset in is compact (see [Be90], Proposition 3.4.7).
Example 6.5
We have the current of integration given by for . More generally, we define the current of integration along a closed -dimensional subvariety of as the push-forward of to . By abuse of notation, we denote this element of also by . By linearity in the components, we define the current of integration along a cycle on . If is an open subset of , then we get a current by restricting .
6.6
Let and for an open subset of . Then we define by for . Since the wedge product with a given form is a continuous operation on , it is clear that is really a current on .
Example 6.7
For , the current associated to is defined by and we get an injective linear map given by .
Proposition 6.8
Let for an open subset of . Then there is a unique signed Radon measure on such that for every . If has compact support, then we have .
Proof: It is easy to prove that induces a continuous linear functional on where this locally convex vector space is endowed with the subspace topology of . By 5.8, this subspace is dense and hence the Riesz representation theorem proves the first claim. If has compact support, then is also compact and the last claim follows.
6.9
Let us again consider an open subset of . A function is called locally integrable if is integrable with respect to the measure associated to any . Then we write .
For a locally integrable function on and , we define by for every .
Chambert-Loir and Ducros proved the Poincaré–Lelong equation for rational functions:
Proposition 6.10
Let be a rational function on which is not identically zero. Then is a locally integrable function on and we have .
Proof: See [CD12], Theorem 4.6.5.