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5.3 Approximation by Fubini-Study metrics [004L]

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5.3 Approximation by Fubini-Study metrics

A fundamental result in Kähler geometry is that any Kähler metric in an integral class can be approximated by Fubini-Study metrics associated with projective embeddings. While the usual Fubini-Study metric depends on a choice of a Hermitian inner product on the ℂ\mathbb{C}-vector space of global sections, the NA analgoue depends on a NA norm on the KK-vector space V=H0​(XK,m​L)V=H^{0}(X_{K},mL) for m≫1m\gg 1, with the ultrametric property ‖x+y‖V≤max⁡{‖x‖V,‖y‖V}\left\lVert x+y\right\rVert_{V}\leq\max\{\left\lVert x\right\rVert_{V},\left\lVert y\right\rVert_{V}\}. In our case K=ℂ⁡((t))K=\mathbb{C}(\!(t)\!) one can select a KK-basis s0,s1,…​sNs_{0},s_{1},\ldots s_{N} for VV, such that

‖a0​s0+…+aN​sN‖V=max⁡{|a0|​‖s0‖V,…,|aN|​‖sN‖V},∀ai∈K.\left\lVert a_{0}s_{0}+\ldots+a_{N}s_{N}\right\rVert_{V}=\max\{|a_{0}|\left\lVert s_{0}\right\rVert_{V},\ldots,|a_{N}|\left\lVert s_{N}\right\rVert_{V}\},\quad\forall a_{i}\in K.

The NA Fubini-Study metric on L→XKL\to X_{K} can be defined as

‖s‖F​S​(x)=infs~∈V,s~​(x)=s⊗m​(x)‖s~‖V1/m,∀x∈XKa​n.\left\lVert s\right\rVert_{FS}(x)=\inf_{\tilde{s}\in V,\tilde{s}(x)=s^{\otimes m}(x)}\left\lVert\tilde{s}\right\rVert_{V}^{1/m},\quad\forall x\in X_{K}^{an}.

Concretely in the orthogonal basis, written in a local trivialisation,

‖s‖F​S​(x)=|s⁡(x)|maxj⁡{|sj​(x)|/‖sj‖V}1/m,∀x∈Xa​n.\left\lVert s\right\rVert_{FS}(x)=\frac{|s(x)|}{\max_{j}\{|s_{j}(x)|/\left\lVert s_{j}\right\rVert_{V}\}^{1/m}},\quad\forall x\in X^{an}. (14)

A NA analogue of the Fubini-Study approximation theorem gives an alternative view on semipositive metrics:

Proposition 5.3.

(Semipositivity II) [18] Assume L→XKL\to X_{K} is ample. Then a continuous metric on LL is semipositive iff it can be written as a uniform limit of Fubini-Study metrics.

Remark 11.

In the approximation theorem we may assume sis_{i} to be finite Laurent polynomials.

For the complex geometric interpretation, we assume as usual XKX_{K} is the base change of an algebraic degeneration family XX, with an ample polarisation line bundle LL. For any given NA Fubini-Study metric (14), we can associate a family of Fubini-Study metrics on (Xt,L)(X_{t},L):

‖s‖F​S,t​(z)=|s⁡(z)|{{∑j|sj(z,t)|2|t|2​log⁡‖sj‖V}1/2​m,∀z∈Xt.\left\lVert s\right\rVert_{FS,t}(z)=\frac{|s(z)|}{\{\{\sum_{j}|s_{j}(z,t)|^{2}|t|^{2\log\left\lVert s_{j}\right\rVert_{V}}\}^{1/2m}},\quad\forall z\in X_{t}. (15)

Here sjs_{j} make sense for finite tt because they are selected as finite Laurent polynomials in tt. As t→0t\to 0, the Fubini-Study metrics converge to the NA analogue, or more precisely ‖s‖F​S,t1/|log⁡|t||\left\lVert s\right\rVert_{FS,t}^{1/|\log|t||} converges to (14) in the hybrid topology on X⊔XKa​nX\sqcup X_{K}^{an}.

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