ScalingStacks

Theorem 2.3 (Theorem 3.2 in [ 31 ] ) . [05DF]

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Theorem 2.3 (Theorem 3.2 in [31]).

Let (๐”…1,โˆฅโ‹…โˆฅ1)(\mathfrak{B}_{1},\|\cdot\|_{1}) and (๐”…2,โˆฅโ‹…โˆฅ2)(\mathfrak{B}_{2},\|\cdot\|_{2}) be two Banach spaces, โˆฅโ‹…โˆฅE\|\cdot\|_{E} be the standard Euclidean metric on โ„n\mathbb{R}^{n}, UโŠ‚โ„nร—๐”…1U\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}\times\mathfrak{B}_{1} be an open set, and ๐”‰:UโŸถ๐”…2\mathfrak{F}:U\longrightarrow\mathfrak{B}_{2} be a continuously differentiable map. Denote the differential

Dโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(y,ฯƒ)โ€‹(yห™+ฯƒห™)=Dyโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(y,ฯƒ)โ€‹yห™+Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(y,ฯƒ)โ€‹ฯƒห™,D\mathfrak{F}(y,\sigma)(\dot{y}+\dot{\sigma})=D_{y}\mathfrak{F}(y,\sigma)\dot{y}+D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(y,\sigma)\dot{\sigma},

for (y,ฯƒ)โˆˆU(y,\sigma)\in U, yห™โˆˆโ„n\dot{y}\in\mathbb{R}^{n} and ฯƒห™โˆˆ๐”…1\dot{\sigma}\in\mathfrak{B}_{1}. Assume that (0,0)โˆˆU(0,0)\in U satisfies that Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(0,0):๐”…1โŸถ๐”…2D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(0,0):\mathfrak{B}_{1}\longrightarrow\mathfrak{B}_{2} has a bounded linear inverse Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(0,0)โˆ’1:๐”…2โŸถ๐”…1D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(0,0)^{-1}:\mathfrak{B}_{2}\longrightarrow\mathfrak{B}_{1} with

โ€–Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(0,0)โˆ’1โ€–โ‰คCยฏ\|D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(0,0)^{-1}\|\leq\overline{C}

for a constant Cยฏ>0\overline{C}>0. Let r>0r>0, ฮด0>ฮด>0\delta_{0}>\delta>0 be constants such that, if โ€–y0โ€–E<r,\|y_{0}\|_{E}<r, and โ€–ฯƒโ€–1โ‰คฮด0\|\sigma\|_{1}\leq\delta_{0}, then (y0,ฯƒ)โˆˆU(y_{0},\sigma)\in U, and

โ€–Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(y0,ฯƒ)โˆ’Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(0,0)โ€–โ‰ค12โ€‹Cยฏandโ€–๐”‰โก(y0,0)โ€–2โ‰คฮด4โ€‹Cยฏ.\|D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(y_{0},\sigma)-D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(0,0)\|\leq\frac{1}{2\overline{C}}\ \ {\rm and}\ \ \|\mathfrak{F}(y_{0},0)\|_{2}\leq\frac{\delta}{4\overline{C}}.

Then, for any โ€–yโ€–E<r\|y\|_{E}<r, there exists a unique ฯƒโก(y)โˆˆ๐”…1\sigma(y)\in\mathfrak{B}_{1} such that

๐”‰โก(y,ฯƒโก(y))=0,โ€–ฯƒโก(y)โ€–1โ‰คฮด.\mathfrak{F}(y,\sigma(y))=0,\ \ \ \|\sigma(y)\|_{1}\leq\delta.

Furthermore,

Dโ€‹ฯƒโ€‹(y)โ€‹yห™=โˆ’Dฯƒโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(y,ฯƒ)โˆ’1โ€‹Dyโ€‹๐”‰โ€‹(y,ฯƒ)โ€‹yห™.D\sigma(y)\dot{y}=-D_{\sigma}\mathfrak{F}(y,\sigma)^{-1}D_{y}\mathfrak{F}(y,\sigma)\dot{y}.

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