ScalingStacks

Remark 3.21 . [03PD]

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Remark 3.21.

We temporarily write Dbℱ(M)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm nonsing} for the derived Fukaya category of nonsingular immersed Lagrangians, and Dbℱ(M)singD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm sing} for the category including Lagrangians with ‘stable special Lagrangian singularities’. It seems likely that Dbℱ(M)singD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm sing} and Dbℱ(M)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm nonsing} need not be equivalent categories. If so, Dbℱ(M)singD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm sing} may be preferable to Dbℱ(M)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm nonsing}, in the sense of being better behaved, more natural, or the right category to use in Mirror Symmetry. To test this, we should start in dimension m=3m=3 by including Lagrangians with isolated singularities modelled on the T2T^{2}-cone CC in (2.4).

The following example was suggested to me by Ivan Smith. Harris [25] constructs a smooth family (Mt,ωt):t∈[0,ϵ)(M^{t},\omega^{t}):t\in[0,\epsilon) of symplectic Calabi–Yau 6-manifolds for small ϵ>0\epsilon>0, with the following properties:

  • (i)

    MtM^{t} is independent of tt, and is the result of adding a 2-handle to T∗𝒮3T^{*}{\mathbin{\cal S}}^{3}. There is an isomorphism H2(Mt,ℝ)≅ℝH^{2}(M^{t},{\mathbin{\mathbb{R}}})\cong{\mathbin{\mathbb{R}}} identifying [ωt][\omega^{t}] with tt. Thus (Mt,ωt)(M^{t},\omega^{t}) is an exact symplectic manifold if and only if t=0t=0.

  • (ii)

    For t>0t>0 there is a compact, embedded Lagrangian LtL^{t} in (Mt,ωt)(M^{t},\omega^{t}) diffeomorphic to 𝒮3{\mathbin{\cal S}}^{3}, depending smoothly on tt, with 0≠[Lt]∈H3(Mt;ℤ)≅ℤ0\neq[L^{t}]\in H_{3}(M^{t};{\mathbin{\mathbb{Z}}})\cong{\mathbin{\mathbb{Z}}}.

  • (iii)

    There are no Lagrangian 𝒮3{\mathbin{\cal S}}^{3}’s in (M0,ω0)(M^{0},\omega^{0}), and in fact, no compact, exact, embedded Lagrangians in (M0,ω0)(M^{0},\omega^{0}) at all.

  • (iv)

    As in [25, Rem. 3.7], L0=limt→0LtL^{0}=\lim_{t\rightarrow 0}L^{t} is a singular Lagrangian in M0M^{0}, which topologically looks like an 𝒮3{\mathbin{\cal S}}^{3} with an 𝒮1{\mathbin{\cal S}}^{1} collapsed to a point pp, so that topologically L0L^{0} is modelled on a T2T^{2}-cone near pp.

All this suggests that Dbℱ(Mt)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{t})_{\rm nonsing} is empty for t=0t=0, and nonempty for t>0t>0. This counts as pathological behaviour, discontinuous in tt, since the Dbℱ(Mt)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{t})_{\rm nonsing} for small t>0t>0 are not deformations of Dbℱ(M0)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{0})_{\rm nonsing} in a meaningful sense. Intuitively, one would expect objects to disappear under small deformations owing to obstructions, so that Dbℱ(Mt)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{t})_{\rm nonsing} for t>0t>0 should be smaller than Dbℱ(M0)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{0})_{\rm nonsing}.

It seems plausible that we can choose the LtL^{t} up to Hamiltonian isotopy so that L0L^{0} has one singular point pp locally modelled on CC in (2.4), and LtL^{t} for t>0t>0 is locally modelled near pp on L1A⁡(t)L_{1}^{A(t)} in (2.5), where A⁡(t)→0A(t)\rightarrow 0 as t→0t\rightarrow 0. If so, L0L^{0} may give an object in Dbℱ(M0)singD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{0})_{\rm sing}, and the derived categories Dbℱ(Mt)singD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M^{t})_{\rm sing} may depend continuously on t∈[0,ϵ)t\in[0,\epsilon). So in this example, Dbℱ(M)singD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm sing} may be better behaved than Dbℱ(M)nonsingD^{b}{\mathbin{\mathscr{F}}}(M)_{\rm nonsing} under deformations of (M,ω)(M,\omega).

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