ScalingStacks

2.1. The smooth case [0289]

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2.1. The smooth case

We start with the elementary observation that smooth strictly ω\omega-psh functions can easily be extended.

Proposition 2.1.

Let VV be a compact Kähler manifold equipped with a Kähler form ω\omega, and let XX be a complex submanifold of VV. Then

PSH+(X,ω|X)∩𝒞∞(X,ℝ)=(PSH+(V,ω)∩𝒞∞(V,ℝ))|X.PSH^{+}(X,\omega\,|_{{}_{X}})\cap{\mathcal{C}}^{\infty}(X,{\mathbb{R}})=\left(PSH^{+}(V,\omega)\cap{\mathcal{C}}^{\infty}(V,\mathbb{R})\right)\,|_{{}_{X}}.

We include a proof for the convenience of the reader, although this is probably part of the “folklore” (see e.g. [Sch] for the case where ω\omega is a Hodge form).

Proof.

Let φ∈𝒞∞​(X,ℝ)\varphi\in{\mathcal{C}}^{\infty}(X,\mathbb{R}) be such that (1−ε)ω|X+ddcφ≥0(1-\varepsilon)\omega\,|_{{}_{X}}+dd^{c}\varphi\geq 0 on XX, for some ε>0\varepsilon>0. We first choose φ~\tilde{\varphi} to be any smooth extension of φ\varphi to VV. Consider

ψ:=φ~+A​χ​dist​(⋅,X)2,\psi:=\tilde{\varphi}+A\chi\,\text{dist}(\cdot,X)^{2},

where χ\chi is a test function supported in a small neighborhood of XX and such that χ≡1\chi\equiv 1 near XX. Here d​i​s​t{dist} is any Riemannian distance on VV, for instance the distance associated to the Kähler metric ω\omega. Then ψ\psi is yet another smooth extension of φ\varphi to VV, which now satisfies (1−ε/2)​ω+d​dc​ψ≥0(1-\varepsilon/2)\omega+dd^{c}\psi\geq 0 near XX, if AA is chosen large enough.

The function log⁡(dist​(⋅,X)2)\log(\text{dist}(\cdot,X)^{2}) is well defined and qpsh in a neighborhood of XX. Let χ\chi be a test function supported in this neighborhood so that χ≡1\chi\equiv 1 near XX. The function u=χ​log⁡(dist​(⋅,X)2)u=\chi\log(\text{dist}(\cdot,X)^{2}) is N​ωN\omega-psh on VV for a large integer NN. Moreover, exp⁡(u)\exp(u) is smooth and X={u=−∞}X=\{u=-\infty\}. Replacing ω\omega by N​ωN\omega, φ\varphi by N​φN\varphi, and ψ\psi by N​ψN\psi, we may assume that N=1N=1. Set now

ψC:=12​log⁡[e2​ψ+eu+C].\psi_{C}:=\frac{1}{2}\,\log\left[e^{2\psi}+e^{u+C}\right].

This again is a smooth extension of φ\varphi, and a straightforward computation yields

d​dc​ψC≥2​e2​ψ​d​dc​ψ+eu+C​d​dc​u2​(e2​ψ+eu+C).dd^{c}\psi_{C}\geq\frac{2e^{2\psi}dd^{c}\psi+e^{u+C}dd^{c}u}{2(e^{2\psi}+e^{u+C})}\;.

Hence

(1−ε2)​ω+d​dc​ψC≥2​e2​ψ​[(1−ε2)​ω+d​dc​ψ]+(1−ε)​eu+C​ω2​(e2​ψ+eu+C)≥0,\left(1-\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\omega+dd^{c}\psi_{C}\geq\frac{2e^{2\psi}\left[\left(1-\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\omega+dd^{c}\psi\right]+(1-\varepsilon)e^{u+C}\omega}{2(e^{2\psi}+e^{u+C})}\geq 0,

if CC is chosen large enough. ∎

This proof breaks down when φ\varphi is singular and hence a different approach is needed. We consider in the next section the particular case when ω\omega is a Hodge form.

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