5 Stability [0589]
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5 Stability
Definition 5.1
Take graded Lagrangians and , hamiltonian isotoped to intersect cleanly, and such that the graded (relative) Lagrangian connect sums exist as above. Then a Lagrangian of Maslov class zero is said to be destabilised by the if it is hamiltonian isotopic to such an , and the phases (real numbers, induced by the gradings) satisfy
If is not destabilised by any such then it is called stable.
Remarks
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There is an obvious notion of a flux homomorphism for isotopies of smooth Lagrangians, taking a deformation to an element of (and linearising to give the usual deformation theory of Lagrangians). Namely, take a deformation through a vector field to the one form
Alternatively, the homomorphism takes a loop , tracing out the 2-cycle in under the isotopy, to the real number . (See Chapter 10 of [MS] for the analogous map for symplectomorphisms.) If the isotopy is hamiltonian, the flux is zero; the converse is also easily proved using the methods of ([MS] Theorem 10.12): we may assume without loss of generality that the 1-form is identically zero in . [To see this, write the 1-form as , and compose the deformation with the time one map of the hamiltonian flow with vector field ; this does not alter the flux in or the property of being hamiltonian.] Then let be the closed 1-form on defined by
and let be the corresponding flow through time . Then the flow is the corresponding hamiltonian flow from to ; see [MS].
Thus it is not too hard to check if two Lagrangians are hamiltonian deformations of each other, at least through smooth Lagrangians, if we know they are deformations of each other as Lagrangians. This second condition, however, is harder to test, as the results of [S1] demonstrate.
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As mentioned in the last section, holomorphic discs are crucial in both mirror symmetry and Floer cohomology; thus one should perhaps restrict attention in the above definition to those Lagrangians whose Floer cohomology is defined [FO3],
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As pointed out to me by Conan Leung, this definition and the resulting conjecture below may only be reasonable close to the large complex structure limit point where the mirror symmetric arguments used to motivate the conjecture are most valid.
Conjecture 5.2
A Lagrangian of Maslov class zero has a special Lagrangian in its hamiltonian deformation class if and only if it is stable, and this SLag representative is unique.
Again, we have been vague about singularities: which we allow, and what hamiltonian deformation equivalence would mean for them. We might also want to restrict attention to those Lagrangians whose Floer cohomology exists [FO3], and whose Oh spectral sequence [Oh] degenerates; this will be discussed more in [TY]. We might also want to restrict to Lagrangians whose phase function varies only by a certain bounded amount; in the example worked out in [TY] this is required. In [TY] it is shown there that the gradient of the norm-squared of the moment map can be taken to be the mean curvature vector of the Lagrangian, so mean curvature flow (which is hamiltonian for Maslov class zero) should converge to this SLag representative if the Lagrangian is stable and the phase satisfies certain bounds.