ScalingStacks

Proof. [039U]

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Proof.

The proof proceeds in three steps. First, we use a result of Lütkebohmert about vertical blowing ups to show that L′L^{\prime} may be assumed to extend to an ample line bundle ℋ\mathscr{H} on 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R}. In a second step, we show that 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R} may be also assumed to be semi-factorial by a theorem of Pépin. In a third step, we use resolution of singularities to construct our desired regular model 𝒳R′\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}.

Step 1: Replacing L′L^{\prime} by a positive tensor power, we may assume that L′L^{\prime} has an ample extension ℋR\mathscr{H}_{R} to a projective RR-model 𝒴R{\mathscr{Y}}_{R}. There is a blow up π:𝒵R→𝒴R\pi:\mathscr{Z}_{R}\to{\mathscr{Y}}_{R} in an ideal sheaf 𝒥\mathcal{J} supported in the special fiber of 𝒴R{\mathscr{Y}}_{R} such that the identity on X′X^{\prime} extends to a morphism 𝒵R→𝒳R\mathscr{Z}_{R}\to\mathscr{X}_{R} [Lü93, Lemma 2.2]. Then π−1​(𝒥)=𝒪𝒵R/𝒴R​(1)\pi^{-1}(\mathcal{J})=\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{Z}_{R}/{\mathscr{Y}}_{R}}(1) and hence there is ℓ∈ℕ>0\ell\in\mathbb{N}_{>0} such that π∗​(ℋ⊗ℓ)⊗𝒪𝒵R/𝒴R​(1)\pi^{*}(\mathscr{H}^{\otimes\ell})\otimes\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{Z}_{R}/{\mathscr{Y}}_{R}}(1) is ample [Har77, Prop. II.7.10]. We conclude that by replacing 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R} by 𝒵R\mathscr{Z}_{R} and by passing to a positive tensor power of L′L^{\prime}, we may assume that L′L^{\prime} has an ample extension ℋR\mathscr{H}_{R} to 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R}. This completes the first step.

Step 2: By a result of Pépin [Pé13, Thm. 3.1], there is a a blowing-up morphism π′:𝒵R′→𝒳R\pi^{\prime}\colon\mathscr{Z}_{R}^{\prime}\to\mathscr{X}_{R} centered in the special fiber of 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R} such that 𝒵R′\mathscr{Z}_{R}^{\prime} is semi-factorial. The latter means that every line bundle on the generic fiber 𝒵R,η′\mathscr{Z}_{R,\eta}^{\prime} of 𝒵R′\mathscr{Z}_{R}^{\prime} over RR extends to a line bundle on 𝒵R′\mathscr{Z}_{R}^{\prime}. Similarly as in the first step, we may assume that a positive tensor power of L′L^{\prime} extends to an ample line bundle on 𝒵R′\mathscr{Z}_{R}^{\prime}. Replacing 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R} by 𝒵R′\mathscr{Z}_{R}^{\prime} and L′L^{\prime} by this positive tensor power, we get the second step.

Step 3: We may assume that BB is affine. Using R=𝒪B,bR=\mathcal{O}_{B,b} for some b∈B(1)b\in B^{(1)}, it is clear that 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R} extends to a projective integral scheme 𝒳B\mathscr{X}_{B} over BB. By using resolution of singularities over kk in dimension d+nd+n, there is a regular integral scheme 𝒳B′\mathscr{X}_{B}^{\prime} and a projective morphism φB:𝒳B′→𝒳B\varphi_{B}\colon\mathscr{X}_{B}^{\prime}\to\mathscr{X}_{B} which is an isomorphism over the regular locus of 𝒳B\mathscr{X}_{B}. Since X′X^{\prime} is contained in the regular locus of 𝒳B\mathscr{X}_{B}, we conclude that φB\varphi_{B} maps the generic fiber 𝒳B,η′\mathscr{X}_{B,\eta}^{\prime} of 𝒳B′\mathscr{X}_{B}^{\prime} over BB isomorphically onto X′=𝒳B,ηX^{\prime}=\mathscr{X}_{B,\eta}. As usual, we read this isomorphism as an identification. Then we get an induced projective morphism

φR:𝒳R′≔𝒳B′×B{Spec}⁡(R)⟶𝒳R\varphi_{R}:\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}\coloneqq\mathscr{X}_{B}^{\prime}\times_{B}{\Spec(R)}\longrightarrow\mathscr{X}_{R}

extending the identity on X′X^{\prime}. The same argument as in the first step gives m∈ℕ>0m\in\mathbb{N}_{>0} such that

ℒR′≔φR∗​(ℋR⊗m)⊗𝒪𝒳R′/𝒳R​(1)\mathscr{L}_{R}^{\prime}\coloneqq\varphi_{R}^{*}(\mathscr{H}_{R}^{\otimes m})\otimes\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}/\mathscr{X}_{R}}(1)

is an ample line bundle on 𝒳R′\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}. Let FF be the restriction of 𝒪𝒳R′/𝒳R​(1)\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}/\mathscr{X}_{R}}(1) to 𝒳R,η′=𝒳R,η=X′\mathscr{X}_{R,\eta}^{\prime}=\mathscr{X}_{R,\eta}=X^{\prime}. Then ℒR′\mathscr{L}_{R}^{\prime} is a model of (L′)⊗m⊗F(L^{\prime})^{\otimes m}\otimes F. To prove the lemma, we have to ensure that FF may be assumed to be 𝒪X′\mathcal{O}_{X^{\prime}}. To do so, we use that 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R} is semi-factorial to extend FF to a line bundle ℱB\mathscr{F}_{B} on 𝒳R\mathscr{X}_{R}. Then we may replace 𝒪𝒳R′/𝒳R​(1)\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}/\mathscr{X}_{R}}(1) by 𝒪𝒳R′/𝒳R​(1)⊗φR∗​(ℱ−1)\mathcal{O}_{\mathscr{X}_{R}^{\prime}/\mathscr{X}_{R}}(1)\otimes\varphi_{R}^{*}(\mathscr{F}^{-1}) to deduce the claim. ∎

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