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Proof of Theorem 2.2 [028G]

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Proof of Theorem 2.2. Fix a>0a>0. Replacing φ\varphi by φ−maxX⁡φ−a\varphi-\max_{X}\varphi-a we may assume that maxX⁡φ=−a\max_{X}\varphi=-a. We will show that there exists a sequence of smooth ω\omega-psh functions φj\varphi_{j} on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n} which decrease pointwise on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n} to a negative ω\omega-psh function ψ\psi so that ψ=φ\psi=\varphi on XX.

Let X′X^{\prime} be the union of the irreducible components WW of XX so that φ|W≢−∞\varphi\,|_{{}_{W}}\not\equiv-\infty. We first construct by induction on j≥1j\geq 1 a sequence of numbers εj↘0\varepsilon_{j}\searrow 0 and a sequence of negative smooth (1+εj)​ω(1+\varepsilon_{j})\omega-psh functions ψj\psi_{j} on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n} so that for all j≥2j\geq 2

ψj1+εj​<ψj−11+εj−1​on​ℙn,ψj−1>​φ​on​X,∫X′(ψj−φ)<1j,∫Wψj<−j,\frac{\psi_{j}}{1+\varepsilon_{j}}<\frac{\psi_{j-1}}{1+\varepsilon_{j-1}}\;\;{\rm on}\;{\mathbb{P}}^{n}\;,\;\;\psi_{j-1}>\varphi\;{\rm on}\;X\;,\;\;\int_{X^{\prime}}(\psi_{j}-\varphi)<\frac{1}{j}\;,\;\;\int_{W}\psi_{j}<-j\,,

for every irreducible component WW of XX where φ|W≡−∞\varphi\,|_{{}_{W}}\equiv-\infty. Here the integrals are with respect to the area measure on each irreducible component XjX_{j} of XX, i.e.

∫Xf:=∑Xj∫Xjf​ωdimXj.\int_{X}f:=\sum_{X_{j}}\int_{X_{j}}f\,\omega^{\dim X_{j}}.

Let ε1=1\varepsilon_{1}=1, ψ1=0\psi_{1}=0, and assume that εj−1,ψj−1\varepsilon_{j-1},\,\psi_{j-1}, where j≥2j\geq 2, are constructed with the above properties. Since φ<ψj−1|X\varphi<\psi_{j-1}\,|_{{}_{X}} and the latter is continuous on the compact set XX, we can find δ>0\delta>0 so that φ<ψj−1−δ\varphi<\psi_{j-1}-\delta on XX.

Let c>1c>1. By Lemma 2.3, there exists a c​ωc\omega-psh function ψc\psi_{c} so that

ψcc≤ψj−1−δ1+εj−1​on​ℙn,ψc=φ+(c−1)​θ−(c−1)​Mj−1​on​X,\frac{\psi_{c}}{c}\leq\frac{\psi_{j-1}-\delta}{1+\varepsilon_{j-1}}\;\;{\rm on}\;{\mathbb{P}}^{n}\;,\;\;\psi_{c}=\varphi+(c-1)\theta-(c-1)M_{j-1}\;\;{\rm on}\;X,

where

Mj−1=δ−minζ∈ℙn⁡ψj−1​(ζ)≥0.M_{j-1}=\delta-\min_{\zeta\in{\mathbb{P}}^{n}}\psi_{j-1}(\zeta)\geq 0.

We can regularize ψc\psi_{c} on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n}: there exists a sequence of smooth c​ωc\omega-psh functions decreasing to ψc\psi_{c} on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n}. Therefore we can find a smooth c​ωc\omega-psh function ψc′\psi^{\prime}_{c} on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n} so that

ψc′c​<ψj−1−δ21+εj−1​on​ℙn,ψc′>​φ+(c−1)​θ−(c−1)​Mj−1≥φ−(c−1)​(m+Mj−1)​on​X.\frac{\psi^{\prime}_{c}}{c}<\frac{\psi_{j-1}-\frac{\delta}{2}}{1+\varepsilon_{j-1}}\;{\rm on}\;{\mathbb{P}}^{n},\;\;\psi^{\prime}_{c}>\varphi+(c-1)\theta-(c-1)M_{j-1}\geq\varphi-(c-1)(m+M_{j-1})\;\;{\rm on}\;X.

By dominated, resp. monotone convergence, we can in addition ensure that

∫X′(ψc′−φ)≤∫X′(ψc′−φ−(c−1)​θ+(c−1)​Mj−1)<c−1,\int_{X^{\prime}}(\psi^{\prime}_{c}-\varphi)\leq\int_{X^{\prime}}(\psi^{\prime}_{c}-\varphi-(c-1)\theta+(c-1)M_{j-1})<c-1,
∫Wψc′<−j−(c−1)​(m+Mj−1)​|W|,\int_{W}\psi^{\prime}_{c}<-j-(c-1)(m+M_{j-1})|W|,

for every irreducible component WW of XX where φ|W≡−∞\varphi\,|_{{}_{W}}\equiv-\infty. Here |W||W| denotes the (projective) area of WW.

Now let ψc′′=ψc′+(c−1)​(m+Mj−1)\psi^{\prime\prime}_{c}=\psi^{\prime}_{c}+(c-1)(m+M_{j-1}). Then on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n} we have

ψc′′c<ψj−1−δ21+εj−1+(c−1)​(m+Mj−1)c<ψj−11+εj−1−δ4+(c−1)​(m+Mj−1).\frac{\psi^{\prime\prime}_{c}}{c}<\frac{\psi_{j-1}-\frac{\delta}{2}}{1+\varepsilon_{j-1}}+\frac{(c-1)(m+M_{j-1})}{c}<\frac{\psi_{j-1}}{1+\varepsilon_{j-1}}-\frac{\delta}{4}+(c-1)(m+M_{j-1}).

Moreover, ψc′′>φ\psi^{\prime\prime}_{c}>\varphi on XX and

∫X′(ψc′′−φ)\displaystyle\int_{X^{\prime}}(\psi^{\prime\prime}_{c}-\varphi) =\displaystyle= ∫X′(ψc′−φ)+(c−1)​(m+Mj−1)​|X′|\displaystyle\int_{X^{\prime}}(\psi^{\prime}_{c}-\varphi)+(c-1)(m+M_{j-1})|X^{\prime}|
<\displaystyle< (c−1)​(1+m​|X′|+Mj−1​|X′|),\displaystyle(c-1)(1+m|X^{\prime}|+M_{j-1}|X^{\prime}|)\;,
∫Wψc′′\displaystyle\int_{W}\psi^{\prime\prime}_{c} =\displaystyle= ∫Wψc′+(c−1)​(m+Mj−1)​|W|<−j,\displaystyle\int_{W}\psi^{\prime}_{c}+(c-1)(m+M_{j-1})|W|<-j\;,

for every irreducible component WW of XX where φ|W≡−∞\varphi\,|_{{}_{W}}\equiv-\infty.

We take c=1+εjc=1+\varepsilon_{j} and ψj=ψc′′\psi_{j}=\psi^{\prime\prime}_{c}, where εj>0\varepsilon_{j}>0 is so that

εj<εj−1/2,εj​(m+Mj−1)<δ4,εj​(1+m​|X′|+Mj−1​|X′|)<1j.\varepsilon_{j}<\varepsilon_{j-1}/2\;,\;\;\varepsilon_{j}(m+M_{j-1})<\frac{\delta}{4}\;,\;\;\varepsilon_{j}(1+m|X^{\prime}|+M_{j-1}|X^{\prime}|)<\frac{1}{j}\;.

Then εj,ψj\varepsilon_{j},\,\psi_{j} have the desired properties.

We conclude that φj=(1+εj)−1​ψj\varphi_{j}=(1+\varepsilon_{j})^{-1}\psi_{j} is a decreasing sequence of smooth negative ω\omega-psh function on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n}, so that φj>(1+εj)−1​φ>φ\varphi_{j}>(1+\varepsilon_{j})^{-1}\varphi>\varphi on XX. Hence ψ=limj→∞φj\psi=\lim_{j\to\infty}\varphi_{j} is a negative ω\omega-psh function on ℙn{\mathbb{P}}^{n} and ψ≥φ\psi\geq\varphi on XX. Note that

∫X′(φj−φ)=11+εj​∫X′(ψj−φ)−εj1+εj​∫X′φ<1j−εj1+εj​∫X′φ,\int_{X^{\prime}}(\varphi_{j}-\varphi)=\frac{1}{1+\varepsilon_{j}}\int_{X^{\prime}}(\psi_{j}-\varphi)-\frac{\varepsilon_{j}}{1+\varepsilon_{j}}\int_{X^{\prime}}\varphi<\frac{1}{j}-\frac{\varepsilon_{j}}{1+\varepsilon_{j}}\int_{X^{\prime}}\varphi\;,
∫Wφj=11+εj​∫Wψj<−j2,\int_{W}\varphi_{j}=\frac{1}{1+\varepsilon_{j}}\int_{W}\psi_{j}<-\frac{j}{2}\;,

for every irreducible component WW of XX where φ|W≡−∞\varphi\,|_{{}_{W}}\equiv-\infty. It follows that ψ=φ\psi=\varphi on XX and the proof of Theorem 2.2 is finished. □\Box

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